Sexual Assult

Question 0

Rape Trauma Syndrome

Acute Phase

Answer 0

1. Similar to PTSD
2. Occurs immediately following the rape, lasts for about 2 weeks
   - Initial emotional reaction consists of emotional outbursts, crying, laughing, hysteria, anger, and incoherence.
   - A controlled reaction is ambiguous, the survivor may appear calm and have blunted affect, but may also be confused, have difficulty making decisions, and feel numb.

Question 1

Sexual Assault Defined

Answer 1

Pressured or forced sexual contact, including sexually stimulated talk or actions, inappropriate touch or intercourse, incest, and rape (forced sexual intercourse).

Question 2

Rape Trauma Syndrome

Long term

Answer 2

1. Occurs 2 weeks or more after the attack
   - Flash backs, and other intrusive thoughts about the assault
   - Increased activity, visiting friends, or moving residence,
   - Increased emotional responses (crying, anxiety, rapid mood swings)
   - Fears and phobias (fear of being alone/ sexual encounters)

Question 3

Laboratory Tests

Answer 3

1. Obtain blood for labs (HIV, Hepatitis B and C)

2. Collects samples for legal evidence (Hair, Skin, Semen)

Question 4

Silent Rape Reaction

Answer 4

1. The victim does not report or tell anyone of the sexual assault, including family, friends, or the authorities
2. Abrupt changes in relationships with partners
3. Nightmares
4. Increased anxiety during interview
5. Marked changes in sexual behavior
6. Sudden onset of phobic reactions
7. No verbalization of the occurrence of sexual assault.

Question 5

Nursing Care

Answer 5

1. Preform a self assessment- be empathetic, objective, and nonjudgmental
2. Preform an initial and ongoing assessment of the clients anxiety, coping mechanisms, and support systems
3. Provide a private environment for the examination
4. Obtain informed consent to collect data for legal evidence: photos, pelvic exam
5. Treat any injuries and document care given
6. Administer prophylactic treatment for sexually transmitted infections
7. Evaluate for pregnancy risk and provide for prevention
8. Contact clients available personal support system
9. Encourage client to verbalize story and emotions

Question 6

Care after discharge

Answer 6

1. Provide phone numbers 24hr hotlines for rape survivors
2. Promote self-care activities, give follow up instructions in writing
3. Initiate referrals for needed resources and support services
4. Schedule follow up calls or visits at appropriate intervals after the assault.