Eating Disorders

Question 0

2 Types of Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 0

1. Restricting Type

2. Bing-eating/purging type

Question 1

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 1

1. Clients are preoccupied with food and the rituals of eating, along with a voluntary refusal to eat.
2. Client exhibit a morbid fear of obesity and a refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight (body weight less than 85% of expected normal weight for the individual) in the absence of physical cause.
3. Most commonly occurs in females from adolescence to young adult.

Question 2

Anorexia Nervosa

Restricting Type

Answer 2

1. The individual drastically restricts food intake and does not binge or purge.

Question 3

Anorexia Nervosa
(Binge-eating/purging type)

Answer 3

The individual engages in binge eating or purging behaviors.

Question 4

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 4

1. Clients recurrently eat large quantities of food over a short period of time (binge eating), which may be followed by inappropriate compensatory behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting (purging), to rid the body of excess calories.
2. Most clients who have bulimia nervosa maintain a normal weight
3. Average age of onset in females is 15-18 years.
   generally occurring between 18-26.

Question 5

2 Types of Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 5

1. Purging Type- self-induced vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, and or enemas to lose or maintain weight.
2. Non purging Type- Client may compensate for binge eating through other means, such as excessive exercise and the misuse of laxatives, diuretics, and or enemas.

Question 6

Binge eating disorder

Answer 6

1. Clients recurrently eat large quantities of food over a short period of time without the use of compensatory behaviors associated with bulimia nervosa.
2. Binge eating disorder affects men and women of all ages, but is most common in adults ages 46-55.
3. Weight gain associated with binge eating disorder increases the cleints risk for other disorders including type 2 DM, HTN, cancer.

Question 7

Comorbidities include

Answer 7

1. Depression
2. Personality disorders
3. Substance use disorders
4. anxiety

Question 8

Risk Factors

Answer 8

1. Family genetics
2. biological- hypothalamic, neurotransmitter, hormonal
3. Interpersonal relationships
4. Psychological influences
5. Environmental factors- media, society
6. Individual history of being a “picky” eater
7. Participation in athletics
8. Hx of obesity.

Question 9

Mental Status

Answer 9

1. Overgeneralizations
2. High interest in perparing foods, but not eating
3. Terrified of gaining weight
4. perception of being severly overweight
5. low self esteem, impulsivity, difficulty with interpersonal relationships
6. intense physical regimen
7. experience guilt or shame due to binge eating behavior

Question 10

Vital Signs

Answer 10

1. Low BP, possible Ortho
2. Decreased HR & Temp
3. HTN, may be present in ppl. who have binge eating disorder

Question 11

Weight

Answer 11

1. Anorexia Nervosa- body weight <85% of expected normal
2. Bulimia Nervosa- maintain a weight within the normal ranger or slightly higher
3. Bing eating disorder- typically over weight or obese

Question 12

Skin, Hair, Nails

Answer 12

Clients who have anorexia nervosa may have fine, downy, hairy on the face and back, yellowed skin, mottled, cool extremeties, and poor skin tugor

Question 13

Head, neck, mouth, and throat

Answer 13

1. Enlargement of parotid glands

2. Dental erosion and caries (if client is purging)

Question 14

Cardiovascular system

Answer 14

1. Irregular HR, heart failure, cardiomyopathy

2. Peripheral edema

Question 15

Musculoskeletal System

Answer 15

Muscle weakness

Question 16

GI System

Answer 16

1. Constipation
2. Self-Induced vomiting
3. Excessive use of diuretics or laxatives

Question 17

Reproductive System

Answer 17

1. Anorexia nervosa is accompanied by amenorrhea for at least three consecutive cycles.

Question 18

Lab and Diagnostic Tests

Answer 18

1. Hypokalemia
2. Anemia and leukopenia
3. impaired liver function- increased enzymes
4. elevated cholesterol
5. abnormal thyroid function tests
6. elevated carotene levels, skin appears yellow
7. Decreased bone density (possible osteoporosis)
8. Abnormal blood glucose levels
9. ECG changes

Question 19

Electrolyte Imbalances:

Answer 19

1. Hypokalemia
2. Hyponatremia
3. Hypochloremia

Question 20

Medications

Answer 20

SSRI- fluoxetine (Prozac)

Question 21

Diet

Answer 21

1. Small frequent meals
2. hight fiber
3. low in sodium- prevent fluid retention
4. limit high fat, and gassy foods
5. multivitamin and mineral supplements
6. Avoid caffeine