Sex And Gender

Question 1

Gender identity

Answer 1

Psychological term indentified by their attitudes and behaviour to determine the child being masculine or feminime

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Male = xy
Female = xx

Question 3

Hormones

Answer 3

Male = testosterone 
Female= oestrogen

Question 4

Psychodynamic theory for gender

Answer 4

5 stages

Oral - 0-18 months 
Anal - 18 month to 3
PHALLIC stage 3 to 6 years
Latency stage - 6 to puberty
Genitals stage- puberty onwards

Question 5

Oedipus complex

Answer 5

Boy attracted to mother, jel of father, fears being castrated copies father and adapts masculine role

Question 6

Electra complex

Answer 6

Girl attracted to father, jel of mum, scared dad will find out, thinks she has already been castrated, but feels conflict for her father and doesn’t want to lose mothers love to adapts to a feminine role

Question 7

Psychodynamic theory (concious and unconscious thoughts(

Answer 7

Id
Super ego
Ego

Question 8

Id

Answer 8

Unconscious 
Sex and violence 
Pleasure principal
No organisations
Thanatos (death)

Question 9

Super ego

Answer 9

Perfection principle
Tried to stop id
Punishes misbehaviour with feelings of guilt
Semi concious

Question 10

Ego

Answer 10

Reality principal
Practical approach
Concious
Peacemaker

Question 11

Evaluations of psychodynamic theory

Answer 11

Can’t have evidence as it’s based on unconscious thoughts

Can’t be generalised to all children as they could have single or homosexual parents

Question 12

Freud

Answer 12

Investigate littles hans phobias
Hans father explained how hand was scared of horses
Hans followed Oedipus complex and displaced fear of horse to his father because of its black fur looking like this beard
Conclusion supports ideas of Oedipus complex

Question 13

Modelling

Answer 13

A role model provides a example for the child

Question 14

Imitation

Answer 14

Copying the behaviour of a model

Question 15

Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 15

Learning from the models being either rewarded or punished

Question 16

Bandura

Answer 16

To see if a child imitates behaviour watched adults play calmly or violently with a toy (same sex)
Children played same as the same Dec did
Conclusion is that kids imitate same sex adults

Question 17

Social learning theory

Answer 17

Believed gender is learnt from watching and copying the behaviour of others

Question 18

Gender scheme theory

Answer 18

A mental building block of knowledge that contains Info about each gender

Question 19

Levy and Carter

Answer 19

To show there are individual differences in the way kids think bout gender.
Kids shown toys and asked too pick one, some stereotypically male and some female to low or high gender schematised children,
Results, high picked quick for there own gender but when opposite or both same wanted none or both
Conclusion is that high g s choose toys appropriate for there sex rather than personal preference.

Question 20

Sex identity

Answer 20

Biological term. Childs sex can be indentified by hormones and chromosomes, concluding it being male or female