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medical assistants > seventh test > Flashcards

seventh test Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

whats another name for the collection of blood through a tiny incision in the vein

A

venipuncture or phlebotomy

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2
Q

blood can be collected for testing through what and obtained how

A

called capillary puncture and is obtained by pricking the skin

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3
Q

what is the role as a medical assistant

A

to collect label and process or store specimen

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4
Q

arteries actively what

A

pulsate from the pumping rhythm of the heart

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5
Q

capillaries act as bridges between what and what

A

arteries and veins

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6
Q

the most common puncture site for adult and is perferably placed where

A

in the finger on the fleshy pad of the middle or ring finger

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7
Q

when doing a capillary puncture in an infant where should it be

A

heel

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8
Q

what should you do with the infants heal before the procedure

A

thoroughly warm and clean

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9
Q

a capillary blood may be administered directing onto what or collected onto what

A

on a test strip or in a plastic or glass tube

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10
Q

what are the safest and easiest spots for venipuncture

A

the upper extremity s

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11
Q

what is the most popular vein

A

medium cubital or ac vein

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12
Q

four places venipuncture may take place

A

hospitals
blood banks
refetence laboratories
clinics

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13
Q

what is the most common form of venipuncture

A

the vacuum method

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14
Q

its is important to use a big vein because?

A

the vacuum can collapse a smaller one

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15
Q

what effects the amount of blood you are able to collect

A

the size of syringe you use

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16
Q

a winged or butterfly method uses what

A

a needle attached to 6 to 12 inch twaling

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17
Q

what is vacumpuncture used for

A

small veins that bigger needles where to difficult to use

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18
Q

three types of equipment used for venipuncture

A

blood collection tubes
tourniquets
antiseptic wound care

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19
Q

why gently insert a tube 6 to 8 times

A

so anticoagulant and blood mix properly

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20
Q

what are blood cultures

A

a very sensitive test that looks for sighs of bacteria in blood

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21
Q

three tests that patent needs to fast for 12 to 14 hours

A

glucose tolerance , cholesterol , lipids level test

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22
Q

three complications to ask patents about for vacumpuncture

A

allergic reaction, excessive bleeding , syncope

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23
Q

what might help calm a child getting there blood drawn

A

have there parent or gradian there

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24
Q

four unexpected reactions during a venipuncture

A

fainting , nauseas, excessive aner exhibited by a patient , uncontrollable bleeding

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25
Q

how can hematomas be prevented

A

apply pressure to the insertion site for 2 to 3 minuets

26
Q

what can cause you to fail in obtaining blood

A

didn’t insert needle to deep, went completely through a vein , the needle was ageist a wall or in avaulve , collection tube losing the vacuum, the vein rolls

27
Q

after physicians orders blood test what is the role of the medical assistant

A

collect and process the specimen

28
Q

what is important to know

A

the normal values and to understands what test results reveal to properly educate and recognize critical situations

29
Q

what does CLIA do

A

set the standard to which all laboratories must adhere, including training of personnel and testing and transports of specimens

30
Q

what is the liquid component of blood

A

plasma

31
Q

plasma makes up what percentage of the composition of blood

A

55%

32
Q

red blood cells are formed in what and replaced every what

A

in the bone marrow and replaced every few mounths

33
Q

the normal RBC range for an adult male

A

4.5 to 6 million

34
Q

the normal female RBC range

A

4 to 5.5 million although they might decrease during pregnancy

35
Q

normal hemoglobin values for an adult females

A

12 to 16

36
Q

normal hemoglobin values for an adult males

A

14 to 18

37
Q

an hemoglobin level that is less than 5 can result in what

A

heart failure, and is considered to be critical value (report to physician)

38
Q

excessive hemoglobin can lead to what

A

blood clots and is considered critical

39
Q

a normal hematocrit in males

A

40 to 50

40
Q

a normal hematocrit in females

A

35 to 45

41
Q

increased ESR values may suggest what

A

inflammation which can occur from injury or a variety of illnesses

42
Q

a normal WBC count in adult

A

4.5 to 11 thousand

43
Q

segmented neutrophils make up to

A

50 to 60 of all WBC

44
Q

nonsegmental neutrophils make up

A

0 to 3 percent of all WBC

45
Q

eosinophils make up less than what

A

3 percent of WBC valume

46
Q

basophils are less than what

A

1 percent of WBC volume

47
Q

lymphocytes comprise what

A

25 to 30 percent of WBC volume

48
Q

monocytes make up what

A

3 to 7 percent the total WBC volume

49
Q

platelets live for about how many days and care continuously what

A

10 days and reproduced

50
Q

there are typically between how many and how many platelets in adults

A

150,000 and 400,000

51
Q

the protime for an average healthy adult will chow clotting how fast

A

10 to 14 seconds

52
Q

what is PTT commonly used to determine

A

the effectiveness of anticoagulant

53
Q

normal findings are typcally

A

60 to 70 seconds

54
Q

a CMP is a screening tool that is used to what

A

evaluate organ function checks for common disorders or monitor the progress of current conditions and response to medications

55
Q

the CMP includes 14 essentials tests int he

A

basic metabatic panel, renal panel, liver function tests, and electrolytes

56
Q

diabetics monitor their blood sugar with what

A

a portable machine called a glucometer

57
Q

a glycosylated hemoglobin test measures what

A

the long term control of diabetes

58
Q

the percentage of glucose in the cells is measured to reveal what

A

the patients average plasma concentrated of glucose over three mounts period

59
Q

what is the typical result for a nondiabetic adult

A

3.5 to 6 percent

60
Q

the PKU test is always performed on newborns to determine what

A

the presence of the unmetabolized protein phenylalanine

61
Q

a mono test is primarily ordered when adolescents patient has symptoms like what

A

such as fever headache swollen glands and fatigue

62
Q

it is also important to identify strep throat whenever present because why

A

it is should be treated promptly with antibiotics

medical assistants (17 decks)

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