session 21/22/23 - neuro, behavior, seizures Flashcards
When is surgery recommended as treatment for cervical disk extrusion?
- intractable pain or recurrent pain
- neuro deficits
When is surgery recommended as treatment for thoracolumbar disk extrusion?
- intractible pain
- recurrent pain
- deterioration in neuro status
- loss of motor function: paraparesis/paralysis
When assessing severity of compressive spinal cord lesion, what abnormalites are noted from least severe to most severe?
- pain at site
- loss of CP
- ataxia
- cannot stand/walk unassisted
- loss of motor function
- UMN bladder (retention)
- loss of deep pain
For patients with IVDD that do not need surgery, how long is it recommended to give NSAIDs?
5-7 days
Conservative management of intervertebral disk disease (IVDD) consists of medication and strict cage rest. How long is strict cage rest recommended?
4 weeks
What is the most important prognostic factor to consider when making treatment decisions for a paralyzed patient with acute spinal trauma?
deep pain
You are treating a patient for diskospondylitis and are unable to find the causative organism. Which of the following antibiotics is recommended?
- First-generation cephalosporins (cefazolin, cephalexin) and amoxicillin with clavulanate
- most common organisms Staphylococcus spp.
- Bactericidal antibiotics with a spectrum against gram-positive organisms and the ability to concentrate in bone are recommended.
What is the most common microbial agent responsible for Diskospondylitis?
Staphylococcus - gram pos
What is the antibiotic of choice for Actinomyces infections associated with grass awn migration?
ampicillin
What is the drug of choice if a gram negative bacteria is suspected to be the cause of diskpondylitis?
Fluoroquinolone
What is an indication that antibiotics can be discontinued when treating a patient for diskospondylitis?
No radiographically visible lysis
What is an effective treatment for degenerative myelopathy?
There isnt one, it is degenerative
When is it suggested to start a patient with diskospodylitis in IV antibiotics?
- neuro signs
- fever
- rapid progession
How long should a diskospodylitis patient be treated with parenteral antibiotics before switching to oral?
3-5 days
How long should a patient with diskospondylitits be treated with oral antibiotics?
8 weeks or until no longer painful and with no signs on rads
What signalment is more likly to have Hansen Type 1 IVD extrusion (mineralized nucleus extruding through the annulus)
small breed dogs
cervical in beagles
thoracolumar in dachshunds
What is the most common signalment for Cervical Spondylomelopathy (wobbler syndrome)?
Great danes, mastiffs, rotties, bernese moutnain dogs, dobbies
Which antimicrobials penetrate bone and would therefore be good choices for diskospodylosis?
first gen cephalosporins, amoxicillin clavulanate, clindaycin
