Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

JD SACM pharmacology > endocrine - session 16/18 > Flashcards

endocrine - session 16/18 Flashcards

1
Q

how long is NPH active for

A

intermediate acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how long is Lente active for

A

intermediate acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how long is PZI active for

A

long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how long is glargine and detamir active for

A

long acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the preferred insulins in dogs

A

NPH & Lente

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the preferred insulin in cats?

A

PZI & Glargine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which drug inhibits the formation of functional T3 and T4 and what disease is it used to treat?

A

Methimazole

Hyperthyroidism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the species predilections for DM

A

Dog, type 1, insulin dependent

cat, type 2, remission may occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which drug is a teratogen and has been associated with hypersensitivity reactions that can lead to dermatitis, vasculitis, and blood-cell dyscrasias?

A

Methimazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an adverse effect of methimazole?

A

Teratogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which of the following insulin preparations can be administered IV to affect a rapid response under emergency conditions (e.g., a DKA patient)?

A

Regular crystalline insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

You are caring for a cat that has been taking another drug for a prior condition unrelated to its new diagnosis today of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following concurrent drugs would you be most concerned about in terms of complicating treatment of his new diagnosis?

A

glucocorticoids because the can increase insulin resistance and cause hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which drug COMMONLY causes adrenocortical cell death?

A

Mitotane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitotane MOA

A

cytotoxic, causes cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What frequency of dosing has been shown to BEST control clinical signs in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism?

A

every 12 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drugs can be used to treat hyperadrenocorticism?

A

Mitotane and trilostane

17
Q

When do you tell the owner to stop administering mitotane during the induction phase?

A

when they start showing signs of dec appetite

18
Q

What medication should be dispensed to patients taking mitotane in case they develop severe adverse effects?

A

prednisone can counter the adverse effects caused by rapidly declining cortisol levels

19
Q

Which of the following antifungal drugs inhibits glucocorticoid and androgen synthesis and can be used to treat hyperadrenocorticism?

A

ketoconazole

20
Q

What medication is most commonly used to treat hyperadrenocorticism in cats?

A

trilostane

21
Q

What is the treatment of choice for large pituitary tumors?

A

radiation therapy

Trilostane or mitotane may help reduce systemic signs from hyperadrenocorticism but will not help the neurologic signs caused from the tumor

22
Q

If a dog with a functional adrenal tumor is not a surgical candidate, what is the treatment of choice?

A

trilostane

23
Q

What is the preffered treatment for a dog with a functional adrenal tumor?

A

Surgery

24
Q

What is the best way to monitor adrenocortical reserve in a patient being treated for hyperadrenocorticism?

A

ACTH stim

25
Q

A 14YO MN mixed breed dog has been PU/PD, polyphagic, and panting excessively. Blood work showed a severely elevated ALP and a mildly elevated ALT. A urinalysis showed a USG of 1.004 and was otherwise unremarkable. A low dose dexamethasone suppression test was performed and is consistent with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism. His blood pressure was 140mmHg. What is recommended at this time?

A

medical therapy should be started to control clinical signs and better QOL

26
Q

A 14YO CAT has been PU/PD, polyphagic, and panting excessively. Blood work showed a severely elevated ALP and a mildly elevated ALT. A urinalysis showed a USG of 1.004 and was otherwise unremarkable. A low dose dexamethasone suppression test was performed and is consistent with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism. His blood pressure was 140mmHg. What is the recommendation at this time?

A

Medical therapy should be started immediately in cats.

27
Q

If the client were concerned about having to give medication daily, what would be the best medication to use?

A

Mitotane - twice a week after induction

Trilostane is SID or BID

28
Q

The client is extremely concerned about adverse effects when treating hyperadrenocorticism. What medication do you recommend starting?

A

Trilostane has less effects then mitotane and is more effective then ketoconazole

29
Q

When would ketoconazole be recommended to treat hyperadrenocorticism?

A

its not

30
Q

After starting therapy for cushings, when do you recommend rechecking the patient?

A

patient should be rechecked 10-14 days after starting therapy and an ACTHST, chemistry panel and electrolytes should be performed at this time. If a patient is ever showing signs of hypoadrenocorticism, the trilostane should be stopped and an ACTHST and chemistry with electrolytes should be evaluated

recheck if signs of GI upset or lethargy

31
Q

What is the treatment of choice for functional adrenal dependent hyperadrenocorticsim in dogs?

A

Surgery

32
Q

Which of the following describes the best nutritional recommendation for diabetic cats?

A

Feed a diet that is high in protein and restricted in carbohydrates, ad lib or multiple small meals each day.

33
Q

What are the best nutritional recommendation for diabetic dogs?

A

The diet should optimize body condition and minimize postprandial hyperglycemia and this may vary based on the individual dog.

34
Q

When might a spot glucose reading be helpful?

A

To ensure a patient isnt hypoglycemic

35
Q

What are commonly used insulins in dogs?

A

Lente and NPH

JD SACM pharmacology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions