Session 2-Functional Anatomy Of The Shoulder And Upper Arm Flashcards
What does the shoulder girdle consist of?
Clavicle
Scapula
What does the shoulder girdle do?
Connects the arm to the axial skeleton
What is the shoulder joint called?
Glenohumeral joint
Which is the first bone to start ossifying?
Clavicle
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
Ball and socket synovial joint
Which joint is most commonly dislocated?
Glenohumeral joint
What is the mnemonic for the rotator cuff muscles?
SITS: Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis
Which nerve supplies supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
Which nerve supplies infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
Which nerve supplies teres minor?
Axillary nerve
Which nerves supply subscapularis?
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
What is the importance of the rotator cuff?
Stabilises the shoulder joint
How big is the space between the acromion and the humeral head?
1-1.5cm
What is contained within the space between the acromion and the humeral head? (4)
1) Subacromial bursa
2) Rotator cuff tendons
3) Capsule
4) Long head of biceps
What is the bursa?
Fluid-filled sac that reduces friction
Where does the first 90 degrees of abduction of the shoulder come from?
Glenohumeral joint
Where does the first 15 degrees of abduction of the shoulder come from?
Supraspinatus
Which muscle is responsible for 15-90 degrees of shoulder abduction?
Deltoid
Which joint is responsible for over 90 degree abduction?
Scapulo-thoracic joint
Which muscles are responsible for over 90 degree abduction of the shoulder?
Upper trapezius
Serratus anterior
Which muscles are responsible for adduction of the shoulder? (3)
1) Pec major
2) Lat Dorsi
3) Teres Major
Which nerves supply pec major?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Which nerve supplies lat dorsi and teres major?
Thoracodorsal nerve
Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the shoulder? (4)
1) Anterior fibres of the deltoid
2) Pec major
3) Coracobrachialis
4) Biceps brachii
Which nerve supplies the deltoid?
Axillary nerve
Which nerve supplies coracobrachialis and biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous nerve
Which muscles are responsible for extension of the shoulder? (3)
1) posterior fibres of the deltoid
2) lat dorsi
3) teres major
Which muscles are responsible for internal rotation of the shoulder? (4)
1) subscapularis
2) teres major
3) pec major
4) lat dorsi
Which muscles are responsible for external rotation of the shoulder? (2)
1) infraspinatus
2) teres minor
What is negative intra-articular pressure?
Negative pressure holds humerus in its place within the glenoid
