Session 2-Functional Anatomy Of The Shoulder And Upper Arm

Question 1

What does the shoulder girdle consist of?

Answer 1

Clavicle

Scapula

Question 2

What does the shoulder girdle do?

Answer 2

Connects the arm to the axial skeleton

Question 3

What is the shoulder joint called?

Answer 3

Glenohumeral joint

Question 4

Which is the first bone to start ossifying?

Answer 4

Clavicle

Question 5

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 5

Ball and socket synovial joint

Question 6

Which joint is most commonly dislocated?

Answer 6

Glenohumeral joint

Question 7

What is the mnemonic for the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 7

SITS:
Supraspinatus 
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

Question 8

Which nerve supplies supraspinatus?

Answer 8

Suprascapular nerve

Question 9

Which nerve supplies infraspinatus?

Answer 9

Suprascapular nerve

Question 10

Which nerve supplies teres minor?

Answer 10

Axillary nerve

Question 11

Which nerves supply subscapularis?

Answer 11

Upper and lower subscapular nerves

Question 12

What is the importance of the rotator cuff?

Answer 12

Stabilises the shoulder joint

Question 13

How big is the space between the acromion and the humeral head?

Answer 13

1-1.5cm

Question 14

What is contained within the space between the acromion and the humeral head? (4)

Answer 14

1) Subacromial bursa
2) Rotator cuff tendons
3) Capsule
4) Long head of biceps

Question 15

What is the bursa?

Answer 15

Fluid-filled sac that reduces friction

Question 16

Where does the first 90 degrees of abduction of the shoulder come from?

Answer 16

Glenohumeral joint

Question 17

Where does the first 15 degrees of abduction of the shoulder come from?

Answer 17

Supraspinatus

Question 18

Which muscle is responsible for 15-90 degrees of shoulder abduction?

Answer 18

Deltoid

Question 19

Which joint is responsible for over 90 degree abduction?

Answer 19

Scapulo-thoracic joint

Question 20

Which muscles are responsible for over 90 degree abduction of the shoulder?

Answer 20

Upper trapezius

Serratus anterior

Question 21

Which muscles are responsible for adduction of the shoulder? (3)

Answer 21

1) Pec major
2) Lat Dorsi
3) Teres Major

Question 22

Which nerves supply pec major?

Answer 22

Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 23

Which nerve supplies lat dorsi and teres major?

Answer 23

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 24

Which muscles are responsible for flexion of the shoulder? (4)

Answer 24

1) Anterior fibres of the deltoid
2) Pec major
3) Coracobrachialis
4) Biceps brachii

Question 25

Which nerve supplies the deltoid?

Answer 25

Axillary nerve

Question 26

Which nerve supplies coracobrachialis and biceps brachii?

Answer 26

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 27

Which muscles are responsible for extension of the shoulder? (3)

Answer 27

1) posterior fibres of the deltoid 2) lat dorsi 3) teres major

Question 28

Which muscles are responsible for internal rotation of the shoulder? (4)

Answer 28

1) subscapularis 2) teres major 3) pec major 4) lat dorsi

Question 29

Which muscles are responsible for external rotation of the shoulder? (2)

Answer 29

1) infraspinatus | 2) teres minor

Question 30

What is negative intra-articular pressure?

Answer 30

Negative pressure holds humerus in its place within the glenoid