Session 19- perception and decision making

Question 1

Perception

Answer 1

Set of processes by which an individual becomes aware of and interprets information about the environment.
Individuals give meaning to their environment through perception.
It involves deciding which information to notice, categorising and interpret this information because of existing knowledge.

Question 2

Perception: Perceiver

Answer 2

1) Experience: they lead us to develop expectations and these expectations affect current perceptions
2) Motives: needs/motivational states affect the way we select and interpret information
3) Emotional State: emotions affecting perception
4) Attitude

Question 3

Components of Perception

Answer 3

Perceiver
Target
Situation

Question 4

Perception: Target

Answer 4

1) Degree of ambiguity: triggers shortcuts and potential biases
2) Social Status: refers to a person’s position in society and is generally determined by factors such as income, occupational and role.
3) Similarity

Question 5

Perception: Situation

Answer 5

Context: adds information about the target (think about a critical comment made by your boss a week before your promotion. You would weigh that comment differently had you not been up to your promotion)

Question 6

Framing

Answer 6

Every way of seeing something is also a way of not seeing something else

Question 7

Rational Decision-Making Process

Answer 7

1. Identify the problem
2. Establish a decision criteria
3. Weigh the criteria
4. Generate alternatives
5. Evaluate alternatives
6. Choose best alternative
7. Implement the decision
8. Evaluate the decision

Question 8

Bounded rationality

Answer 8

Rationality is limited when individuals make decisions.
An important aspect of this model is the tendency to satisfice.
The decision maker saves time and effort by accepting alternatives that satisfy the minimum threshold