org theories

Question 1

there are 4 org theories

Answer 1

scientific management
human relations management
bureaucracy
contingency

Question 2

scientific management aka Taylor approach

Answer 2

standardised tasks
his theory was that individuals are motivated by money and that managers knew more about what they were doing than managers

Question 3

human relation approach

Answer 3

says that humans want to be praised and paid attention to. they have social needs and these social needs are more important that monetary ones

Question 4

hawthorne experiements 1 & 2

Answer 4

illumination

relay assembly

Question 5

Hawthorne exp 1

Answer 5

results was that increased in productivity was attributed to attention paid to workers

methodological: act of observation can affect performance
managerial: attention, communication, and interaction with workers can lead to better productivity

Question 6

Hawthorne exp 2

Answer 6

girls had autonomy
girls that had autonomy even tough working at a disadvantage showed same productivity
they had autonomy to perform task and freedom in the way the tasks are performed

result: work places are social environments where people are motivated by far more than wages

Hawthorne has 3 results:
productivity is determined by social standards and not only by physiological capabilities

Question 7

bureaucratic management theory

Answer 7

orgs should be managed on a set of rules and procedures ensuring that they are all treated equally

Question 8

contingency theory

Answer 8

about org design and state the there is not a single best environment for an organisation to operate by