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S&F 4 test 1 > Serrat - Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Serrat - Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

Which part of the duodenum has the suspensory muscle (ligament of Treitz)?

A

4th part

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2
Q

Organs derived from foregut?

A

Esophagus, stomach, liver, upper duodenum, gallbladder, and pancreas

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3
Q

The organs derived from the foregut (esophagus, stomach, upper duodenum, liver gallbladder and pancreas) are all supplied blood by what ?

A

Celiac trunk

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4
Q

Organs derived from midgut are?

A

Lower duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon and lower part of the pancreas

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5
Q

The organs derived from midgut (lower duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon and lower part of the pancreas) are supplied blood by ?

A

The superior mesenteric artery

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6
Q

Organs derived from the hindgut are ?

A

Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon

Descending colon

Sigmoid colon

Rectu

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7
Q

Organs derived from the hindgut ( distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum ) are supplied blood by ?

A

The inferior mesenteric artery

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8
Q

What vertebral level does the esophagus pass thru the esophageal hiatus at ?

A

T10

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9
Q

Longitudinal ridges on the inner surface of stomach, raised folds of mucosa that allow for stomach expansion

A

Rugae

Rugal folds

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10
Q

What does the transpyloric plane pass thru?

A

Pylorus of stomach

Duodenojejunal junction

Hila of kidneys

Tips of 9th costal cartilage

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11
Q

The 2nd (descending) part of the duodenum receives the common bile duct and the main pancreatic ducts via the _________

A

Hepatopancreatic amuplla (of vater)

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12
Q

A small, nipple-like protrusion on the internal surface of the duodenum where the hepatopancreatic ampulla enters

A

The major duodenal papilla (of vater)

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13
Q

A circular smooth muscle that surrounds the ampulla, controlling bile and pancreatic secretions

A

Hepatopancreatic sphincter (of Oddi)

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14
Q

The ______________ marks the junction between foregut and midgut

A

Major duodenal papilla

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15
Q

The jejunum and ileum are attached to the posterior abdominal wall by the _____

A

Mesentery

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16
Q

First part of large intestine in lower right quadrant; is a dilated sac that is continuous w/ ascending colon.

Contains appendix

Almost completely covered w/ peritoneum & moves freely (no mesentery)

A

Cecum

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17
Q

What is the most common position for the appendix?

A

Retrocecal

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18
Q

Has variable position around cecum.

Has short triangular mesentery

Intraperitoneal

Deep to McBurney’s point

A

Vermiform appendix

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19
Q

Ascends along right side of abd wall to hepatic flexure (right colic flexure)

Retroperitoneal, fixed to rt side of post abd wall

Immobile

A

Ascending colon

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20
Q

Extends across abd from right to left colic flexure

Intraperitoneal

Has mesentery

Most mobile part of colon

Position varies

A

Transverse colon

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21
Q

Immobile

Fixed to post abd wall

From splenic flexure to sigmoid colon

A

Descending colon

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22
Q

S-shaped loop of colon between descending and rectum

Has long mesentery associated and considerable mobility

Intraperitoneal

A

Sigmoid colon

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23
Q

Persistence of vitelline duct (connection to yolk sac) as outpouching of ileum

Often asymptomatic, but can contain tissue from stomach or pancreas (and have gastric secretion) and or can be site of infection

Bleeding
Ulceration
Perforation

A

Meckel’s Diverticulum

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24
Q

Rule of two’s for Meckel’s Diverticulum

A

2% of people

W/in 2 feet of ileocecal orifice

Up to 2 inches in length

Usually presents in first 2 years of life

Can have 2 types of tissue (gastric/pancreatic)

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25
Q

What are some defining features of the large intestine

A

Appendices epiploicae

Plicae semiluminares

Haustra

Teniae coli

26
Q

3 longitudinal muscle bands formed by the outer muscular coat of the large intestine

A

Teniae coli

27
Q

Sacculations of the colon produced by tenia coli, which are slightly shorter that the gut

A

Haustra

28
Q

Infoldings of intestinal wall between haustra

A

Plicae semilunares

29
Q

Peritoneum-covered pouches of fat, attached in rows along the teniae

A

Appendices epiploicae

30
Q

Fixed terminal part of the intestinal canal, continuous w/ the anal canal.

Retroperitoneal

Rectosigmoid junction marked by end of sigmoid mesocolon

A

Rectum

31
Q

Large lymph organ in left hypochondrial region deep to ribs 9 and 10.

Intraperitoneal

Covered in peritoneum except at the hilum

A

Spleen

32
Q

The ________ ligament of peritoneum connects the spleen to the greater curvature of the stomach

A

Gastrosplenic

33
Q

__________ ligament connects spleen to the left kidney

A

Splenorenal

34
Q

Spleen is susceptible to traumatic injury at ribs _____

A

9 and 10

35
Q

Runs head to tail of the pancreas and enters into the hepatopancreatic ampulla before entering the duodenum at the duodenal papilla

A

Main pancreatic duct

36
Q

Drains part of the head; often communicates w/ main pancreatic duct; opens into minor duodenal papilla about 2 cm above the major papilla

A

Accessory pancreatic duct

37
Q

Largest visceral organ

Largest gland in body

Found in right hypochondrial and epigastric regions

Intraperitoneal except bare area on diaphragm where liver contacts diaphragm

A

Liver

38
Q

What are the namees of the ligaments formed from the free folded edges of peritoneum that connect the liver to the diaphragm?

A

Coronary

Falciform

Right triangular

Left triangular

39
Q

a fold of peritoneum that connects liver to anterior abdominal wall; it contains ligamentum teres hepatis, or the round ligament, in its inferior border – this is the obliterated umbilical vein, which connected liver to umbilicus

A

Falciform ligament

40
Q

Hepatic veins drain into inferior vena cava on the _______ side

A

Posterior

41
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the liver ?

A

Left

Right

Caudate

Quadrate

42
Q

The left lobe is separated along groovees for what ?

A

Ligamentum teres

Ligamentum venosum

43
Q

The obliterated umbilical vein, makes up part of the falciform ligament

A

Ligamentum teres

44
Q

Obliterated ductus venosus becomes the ?

A

Ligamentum venosum

45
Q

A transverse fissure between the quadrate and caudate lobes that transmits portal vein, hepatic arteries, lymphatic vessels, hepatic nerve plexus, hepatic ducts

A

Porta hepatis

46
Q

What is transmitted in the porta hepatis, which is the transverse fissure between quadrate and caudate lobes?

A

Portal vein

Hepatic arteries

Lymphatic vessels

Hepatic nerve plexus

Hepatic ducts

47
Q

________ is a fold of peritoneum that connects the duodenum with the liver to its lesser omentum and contains the portal triad

A

Hepatoduodenal libament

48
Q

The portal triad (contained w/in the hepatoduodenal ligament) consists of ?

A
  1. Bile duct
  2. Hepatic artery
  3. Portal vein
49
Q

In regards to blood supply, the liver has ____- subdivisions?

A

8

50
Q

The gallbladder is a pear shaped sac, beneath the 9th costal cartilage and lateral border of the rectus abdominis superificially that lies between the _____ and ______ lobe of the liver

A

Quadrate

Right

51
Q

An important surgical landmark formed by the inferior visceral surface of the liver, the cystic duct and common hepatic duct

Contains the cystic artery which supplies blood to the gall bladder and lymph node that becomes enlarged during gall bladder inflammation

A

Cystohepatic triangle (of Calot)

52
Q

Right and left hepatic ducts leave the liver thru the ______

A

Porta hepatis

53
Q

Formed by the union of the left and right hepatic duct

A

Common hepatic duct

54
Q

Fills and drains the gall bladder

A

Cystic duct

55
Q

Formed from union of common hepatic and cystic ducts

Descends posterior to 1st part of duodenum and runs thru head of pancreas

A

Bile duct

56
Q

Occurs when the cardia and/or fundus of the stomach protrudes thru the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

Hiatal hernian

57
Q

Abnormal twisting of the intestine

Can cause intestinal obstruction and interruption of blood supply leading to necrosis

Various causes

A

Volvulus

58
Q

Left to right inversion of the body’s organs

A

Situs inversus

59
Q

Calcifications formed in the gallbladder or bile passages

Primarily consist of cholesterol and bile pigment

Occur in 10% of people over 40

More common in women

A

Gallstones

60
Q

Jaundice of skin or sclera 2nd to blockage of bile ducts from gallstones, tumors, and/or compression of the pancreas

A

Obstructive jaundice

S&F 4 test 1 (22 decks)

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