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7th Grade Core Class 2023-2024 > SERP 1 REVIEW OF TX HISTORY > Flashcards

SERP 1 REVIEW OF TX HISTORY Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the physical characteristics of the Mountains and Basins region.

A

The Mountains and Basins region is hot and dry. It has the highest elevations in Texas and it has the lowest population in the state.

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2
Q

Describe the physical characteristics of the North Central Plains region.

A

The North Central Plains region has rolling plains, lower elevations than the Great Plains, grasses, brush and trees, mild temperatures, and the second most rain in the state.

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3
Q

Describe the physical characteristics of the Great Plains region.

A

The Great Plains is flat and grassy, lower elevations than the Mountains and Basins, little rain and few rivers.

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4
Q

Describe the physical characteristics of the Coastal Plains region.

A

The Coastal Plains has the lowest elevation, the highest rainfall, and the largest population.

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5
Q

Describe the importance of farming on humankind.

A

Farming allowed people to settle in one place instead of moving around in search of food.

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6
Q

What was the land bridge?

A

The land bridge was a formation of glaciers between Asia and America, resulting in the first humans coming to America.

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7
Q

What did the different Plains Indian tribes have in common?

A

All Plains tribes were nomadic, lived in teepees, and the buffalo was their primary source of food, clothing, and other necessities.

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8
Q

What new technologies were used by early Native Texans and how did each benefit the people that used them?

A

a. bow and arrow - let Native people deliver smaller, sharper points with greater force
b. pottery - allowed people to cook and store food

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9
Q

Who was Cabeza de Vaca? What did he do?

A

Cabeza de Vaca was shipwrecked and lived as a captive of the Karankawa, he led the first party of Spaniards to land on Galveston Island, and he was believed to be a medicine man by the Native Americans.

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10
Q

What killed most of the Native Americans after the Europeans arrived?

A

Diseases, such as smallpox and influenza, killed millions of Native Americans because they had no immunities to those diseases.

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11
Q

Who was Alonso de Pineda and why is he important?

A

Pineda was the first European to map or chart the Gulf Coast in 1519

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12
Q

Who was Coronado, where did he explore, and what was he searching for?

A

Coronado was a Spanish explorer who came to North America looking for Cibola, or the legendary cities of gold.

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13
Q

What did Europeans bring to Texas that negatively affected the Native population?

A

Disease.

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14
Q

What was French explorer La Salle looking on his second voyage to North America?

A

La Salle was searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River in order to establish a colony there for France.

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15
Q

What were Spain’s THREE main motivations for exploration in the New World?

A

Spain came to the New World to find GOLD, spread their religion (GOD), and the conquistadors wanted fame and GLORY for themselves.

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16
Q

How did the Spanish respond to the establishment of Fort St. Louis by the French?

A

The Spanish sent soldiers to find and destroy the fort.

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17
Q

What was the primary reason for establishing missions in Texas? (

A

The primary reason to establish missions in Texas was to spread Christianity and convert the Native Americans.

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18
Q

Why did the Spanish missions in Texas fail?

A

Spanish missions in Texas failed because the Native American population inside the missions shrank; Native Americans did not care for the mission way of life; drought; disease; and they cost the King too much money to maintain.

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19
Q

Why did Native Americans reject the mission way of life?

A

They found it difficult to leave their culture behind and they did not like the mission way of life.

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20
Q

Why is 1718 significant to Texas history?

A

Presidio San Antonio de Bexar was established, eventually becoming the city of San Antonio.

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21
Q

What things did the Gutierrez-Magee expedition accomplish? What ended the expedition?

A

The expedition helped Mexico achieve its independence from Spain. It came to end at the Battle of Medina.

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22
Q

How did Colonel Jose Bernardo Gutierrez de Lara help Mexico achieve independence?

A

He helped organize the Army of the North, made up of US volunteers, which captured Nacogdoches, Goliad, and San Antonio.

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23
Q

Why is 1821 significant to Texas history?

A

Mexico achieved its independence from Spain.

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24
Q

What did Father Miguel Hidalgo do on Sept. 16, 1810? Why is this significant?

A

Father Miguel Hidalgo gave the Grito de Dolores on Sept. 16, 1810, calling for Mexican people to revolt against Spain and seek independence.

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25
Q

What happened in 1519?

A

Pineda mapped and saw the coast of Texas.

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26
Q

How is Spanish heritage still visible in Texas today?

A

Spanish heritage is still visible in Texas through the names of cities and places, food, and music.

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27
Q

What two things did colonists have to do to apply for a land grant in Texas?

A

Colonists had to become citizens (Spanish, then Mexican) and become Catholic.

28
Q

Who or what were the Old Three Hundred?

A

The Old Three Hundred was the name given to Stephen F. Austin’s original settlers.

29
Q

Give three examples of empresarios in Texas

A

Stephen F. Austin, Green DeWitt, Martin de Leon

30
Q

What did Stephen F. Austin do in Texas? What is he known as?

A

He brought the first Anglo Americans to Texas and settled a colony. He is known as the father of Texas?

31
Q

What type of government was established by the Constitution of 1824?

A

Federalists government which gave more control to individual states.

32
Q

Why were Mexican officials worried about the growing number of Americans settling in Texas?

A

They were worried Americans would outnumber them, making it easier for them to take over.

33
Q

Why did Texans like the Constitution of 1824?

A

The Constitution of 1824 was written by Federalists, so it allowed for more local control for the state.

34
Q

Describe the Fredonian Rebellion and its significance.

A

It was an attempt by settlers around Nacogdoches to declare independence from Mexico in 1826; it confirmed Mexico’s fears that Texans were trying to take control of Texas.

35
Q

What led to the passing of the Law of April 6, 1830?

A

the Mier y Teran Report

36
Q

How did the Texans react to the Law of April 6, 1830?

A

Texans were incredibly angry about the Law of April 6 and it will lead them to come in conflict with Mexican officials that attempt to make them follow the provisions of the law.

37
Q

Why is 1836 significant to Texas history?

A

Texas declared independence from Mexico.

38
Q

What was the first battle of the Texas Revolution?

A

The Battle of Gonzales was the first battle of the Texas Revolution.

39
Q

Who was George Childress?

A

George Childress was the sole author of the Texas Declaration of Independence.

40
Q

For what is William Barrett Travis best known?

A

Commanding Texas forces at the Battle of the Alamo. He also wrote the victory or death letter.

41
Q

What was the Goliad Massacre? What effect did it have on the Texas Revolution?

A

Prisoners from the Battle of Coleto were taken to Goliad. All of them were executed by order of Santa Anna. It inspired Texans to continue to fight against Santa Anna to achieve their independence.

42
Q

What battle ended the Texas Revolution? Who won?

A

The Battle of San Jacinto ended the Texas Revolution. The Texans won in just 18 minutes.

43
Q

What was the Runaway Scrape?

A

Settlers fled east, fearing Santa Anna’s advancing army.

44
Q

Why was there tension between Texas and Mexico after the Revolution ended?

A

Mexico refused to recognize Texas as independent because they said the Treaties of Velasco were illegal.

45
Q

Why was Texas’s annexation blocked by the United States?

A

The growing anti-slavery movement in the United States was powerful enough to block annexation in 1836.

46
Q

What prevented Sam Houston from running for his second term immediately after his first?

A

The Texas Constitution of 1836 did not permit a president to serve consecutive terms.

47
Q

Why did Lamar send soldiers to Santa Fe? What happened to the soldiers during their journey?

A

Lamar sent soldiers to Santa Fe to annex the city because of the Treaties of Velasco. The soldiers were surrounded by the Mexican army, marched to Mexico City, and imprisoned.

48
Q

How did the presidencies of Houston and Lamar differ from one another?

A

Houston supported the annexation of Texas, save money, peace from the Natives and Mexico, and did not support education. Lamar, on the other hand had encourage public education, which makes him known as the Father of Texas Public Education, war with Mexico and Natives, and did not want to join the United States. And the location of the capital. (Houston, then Austin.)

49
Q

By what method did Texas join the United States? Why was this more favorable to Texas than the 1844 annexation treaty?

A

Joint Resolution - Texas joined as a state and got to keep their public lands.

50
Q

Why is 1845 significant to Texas History?

A

In 1845, Texas became the 28th state in the U.S.

51
Q

Where did the U.S. claim the border between Texas and Mexico was located? Where did Mexico claim it was located?

A

The U.S. claimed it was at the Rio Grande and Mexico claimed it was at the Nueces.

52
Q

How did Manifest Destiny contribute to the U.S. Mexican War?

A

Manifest Destiny contributed to the war because the U.S. wanted the territory west of Texas. Since Mexico wouldn’t sell it to them, they would need to take it by force.

53
Q

What treaty finally ended the U.S.-Mexican War? What were the terms of that treaty?

A

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo - Mexico gave up Texas and accepted the Rio Grande as the border. Mexico surrendered to the U.S. the Mexican Cession in return for $15 million dollars. The U.S. agreed to pay the claims of Texans from the Texas Revolution up to $3.25 million dollars.

54
Q

What was the Mexican Cession?

A

Land west of Texas to the Pacific Ocean that was given up by Mexico.

55
Q

What were the terms of the Compromise of 1850?

A

California entered the U.S. as a free state. The territories of New Mexico and Utah would get to decide the issue of slavery for themselves. Texas got 10 million from the Pearce plan to give up all claims to New Mexico.

56
Q

memorize where the Rio Grande, Red River, Sabine River, Guadalupe River, Oklahoma, Louisiana, New Mexico, and Mexico are on a Texas Map

A

GOT IT!

57
Q

Where are the Mountains and Basins located?

A

To the very west of Texas.

58
Q

Where are the Great Plains?

A

Directly next to the Mountains and Basins, (EAST OF IT)

59
Q

Where are the North Central Plains?

A

Northeast of the Great Plains< DIRECTLY EAST!

60
Q

Where are the Coastal Plains?

A

THE MOST EASTERN REGION! IN TEXAS!

61
Q

How did the U.S. gain the Mexican Cession?

A

Mexican Cession acquired in 1848 as a result of the U.S.-Mexican War

62
Q

How did the U.S. get Texas?

A

Republic of Texas annexed to the U.S. in 1845

63
Q

How did the U.S. gain the Louisiana land?

A

Louisiana Purchase bought from France in 1803

64
Q

How did the U.S. get the tiny strip of land. (MODERN DAY ARIZONA)

A

Gadsden Purchase bought in 1853 from Mexico to build a transcontinental railroad

65
Q

How did the U.S. gain the Florida territory?

A

Adams-Onis Treaty signed in 1819 with Spain to settle the Neutral Ground

7th Grade Core Class 2023-2024 (13 decks)

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