Sepsis Lecture Flashcards
metastatic lesions are a sign of what
septicemia
fever, rash, hypotension are signs of
shock
drug used against penicillin resistant staph
vancomycin
drug used against methicillin resistant staph
vancomycin
drug used against vancomycin resistant staph
oxolidinones (linezolid)
strep species involved in the normal oral microbiota
Streptococcus mutans
what protein involved w/ S. pyogenes is responsible for sequelae of RF and glomerulonephritis b/c it binds factor H and disrupts complement
M protein
what provides evidence of a previous Strep infection
high antistreptolysin O titers
hemolysin of strep that lyses blood anaerobically
Streptolysin O
strep exotoxins cause what through cytokine storm
toxic shock like syndrome (septic shock)
sx’s include confluent rash and strawberry tongue
scarlet fever
drug used to treat GAS
penicillin
drug used to treat syphillis
penicillin G
drug/s used to treat Group D strep
syngery b/t ampicillin and aminoglycoside
fever, altered mental status, hypotensive, petechial rash
Neisseria meningitis
gram - diplococci (kidney bean shape); oxidase +
Neisseria
what type of N. meningitis resembles K1 capsule of E. coli
type B
endotoxin (lipid A-LOS), carbohydrate capsule, pili, exotoxin cleaving IgA are virulence factors of
N. meningitis
what interaction activates clotting factors
lipid A binding to TLR4
usually starts as sore throat and is found in closed populations
N. meningitis
2 outcomes of meningococcemia:
gradual-sepsis
fulminating- clotting factors increased
petechiae and multisystem organ failure are signs of this
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
leads to adrenal hemorrhage and death
Waterhos-Friderichsen syndrome
to treat N. meningitis
Ceftriaxone
gram - rods that can cause septicemia or sepsis that are found in intestinal tract
Enterobacteriaceae
high fever (>102), recent travel history to Mexico, sore throat, HA, diarrhea, abdominal tenderness (small pink papule rash); elevated liver enzymes; lactose non-fermenting gram - rod
Salmonella
2 types of Salmonella enterica
serotype Typhi
serotype Choleraesuis
S. enterica serotype Typhi causes:
Typhoid fever
S. enterica serotype Choleraesuis causes:
Septicemia
virulence factor for Salmonella Typhi
capsule Vi Ag
fever, GI symptoms, rose spots, elevated liver enzymes
typhoid fever
abrupt onset of fever w/ rapid rise, often no GI sx’s, metastatic infections
septicemia from S. choleraesius
source of typhoid fever pathogen
contaminated food or water (fecal contamination)
treatment for S. Typhi or Cholerasuis
Ceftriaxone
treatment for Salmonella in carrier state
Amoxicillin or quinolones
vaccine for typhoid fever targets what
Vi Ag capsule
flu-like sx’s, LAD of axilla, recent travel history from Four Corners of New Mexico; prairie dogs, bipolar staining
Yersinia pestis (bubonic plague)
gram - facultative intracellular pathogen; F1 capsule; bipolar staining
Y. pestis
reservoir for Y. pestis
rodents
vector for Y. pestis
flea
To treat Bubonic plague
streptomycin, kanamycin
doxy
gram - coccobacillus (think the radishes in sketchy); has lipid capsule
F. tularensis
reservoirs for tularemia
rabbits
vectors for F. tularemia
ticks and deerflies
causes ulcer at site of infection; LAD
Tularemia
to treat F. tularensis
aminoglycosides
high fever, night sweats, travel history to Honduras, ate goat cheese, undulating fever (gram - coccobacillary)
Brucellosis
2 oxidase + bacteria
Neisseria and Brucella
reservoir for brucella
farm animals
to treat Brucellosis
doxycycline and rifampin (think the wheel and old skinny man with rifle in sketchy)
rigors, high fever, sob, dry cough, malaise, lung infiltrates, gram + rods
Bacillus anthracis—> anthrax
peptide capsule of B. anthracis is composed of what
D-Glutamate
ESCHAR; more susceptible if you work with animal hides
Anthrax
anthrax toxin composed of what:
3 components
PA, EF, LF
test used to detect spores in B. anthracis or C. difficile
PCR
treatment of Anthrax
Cipro and Doxy (think sketchy pic)
