ENT Pathophysiology Flashcards
low grade fever, throat irritation, sneezing
first 2 days of cold
rhinitis, cough, rhinorrhea (runny nose)
2-4 days of cold
symptoms of cold start to resolve and are gone by this time
7-14 days
peaks of RSV and influenza are which season
winter
viral skin rash on cheeks caused by parvovirus B19
slapped cheek disease
rash on trunk and neck caused by strains of herpes virus; high fever and FEBRILE SEIZURES
age 2
Roseola
preventable w/ MMR vaccine; can lead to congenital rubella syndrome
Rubella
very bad cold in babies by age of 2; highly infectious; BRONCHIOLITIS
RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
sinus pressure and tenderness; HIGH FEVER (>102) (voice changes, tooth ache)
paranasal sinusitis
2 major complications of sinusitis
abscess; osteomyelitis
most common cause of pharyngitis (viral or bacterial)
viral
bacterial cause of pharyngitis
Group A strep
rash, sore throat, strawberry tongue—consequence of GAS
scarlet fever
consequence of GAS
rheumatic fever
swelling that affects every layer of heart and we have to be cautious of this from rheumatic fever
Pancarditis
painful EAC; erythema; very painful to manipulate ear
external otitis
main bacteria that causes external otitis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
infection of epiglottis and looks like thumb sign on CT/xray
epiglottitis
vaccine for epiglottitis
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b)
barking cough (seal bark), hoarseness, and stridor (wheezing); worse at night
Croup
pathogen that causes croup
Parainfluenza
edema during croup looks like what on xray
“steeple”
HIGH FEVER, cough, runny, nose, watery eyes, KOPLIK SPOTS (in mouth)
measles
HPV 6,11 (b/c deal w/ benign head and neck tumors) associated w/ this benign tumor
sinonasal papilloma
another name for sinonasal papilloma
nasal polyp
nasal polyps are associated with what disease
cystic fibrosis
malignant neuroblasts
ROSETTES
NSE +, chromogranin +, synaptophysin +
olfactory neuroblastoma
heavy smokers and people who sing or talk a lot can get these
vocal cord polyps
this carcinoma is associated w/ smoking; vocal cords; cytokeratin IHC+
squamous cell carcinoma of larynx
A 65-year-old man presents to your clinic with chief complaints of “ my wife says my voice has changed and I have a lump in my throat”
squamous cell carcinoma of larynx
