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Anatomy > Sensory System > Flashcards

Sensory System Flashcards

1
Q

What do sensory receptors transmit info about

A

-type of stimulus
-location of stimulus
-intensity of stimulus

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2
Q

Types of sensory receptors

A

-chemoreceptors
-mechanoreceptors
-thermoreceptors
-nociceptors
-photoreceptor

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3
Q

Chemoreceptor

A

Respond to odors, tastes, chemical concentration in the body

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4
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Detect pressure, stretch, or vibration

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5
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Detect temperature changes

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6
Q

Nociceptor

A

Detect pain

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7
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Detect light

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8
Q

Fast pain fibers

A

Skin and mucous membrane
Sharp localized pain

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9
Q

Slow pain fibers

A

Deep in body organs
Dull aching pain

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10
Q

Referred pain

A

Pain that is felt on the surface of the body even though it is coming from a deep organ or even a completely different area or the body

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11
Q

Sense of taste

A

Gustration
Taste buds found around the papillae on the tounge

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12
Q

Cranial nerve involved in sense of taste

A

Facial nerve (VII)
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Vagus nerve (X)

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13
Q

Sense of smell = olfaction

A

Lining the root of the nasal cavity
Found in the epithelial tissue that lines the roof of the nasal cavity

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14
Q

Nerves involved for sense of smell

A

-olfactory nerve CNI
-olfactory cortex (temporal lobe)

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15
Q

Structure of the outer ear

A

Auricle (pinna)
External auditory/acoustic mestus
Cerumen glands

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16
Q

Auricle (pinna)

A

Visible part of the outer ear

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17
Q

External auditory / acoustic meatus

A

The opening of the auditory canal

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18
Q

Cerumen gland

A

Line the canal and produce cerumen (wax)

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19
Q

Structure of the middle ear

A

Tympanic membrane(ear drum)
Malleus (hammer)
Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrup)
Auditory or Eustachian tube

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20
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

Separates the outer ear from the middle ear
Vibrates freely in response to sound wave
Auditory bones that connect the ear drum to oval window

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21
Q

Auditory or eustichian tube

A

Passageway from the middle ear to the nasopharynx to equalize pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

22
Q

Structures of the inner ear

A

Semicircular canals and vestibules
Cochlea

23
Q

Semicircular canals and vestibule

A

Fluid filled structures that contribute to the maintainer of equilibrium and balance

24
Q

Cochlea

A

Snail like structure
Fluid filled structure that contain structures for hearing , including the organ of corti

25
Q

Balance and equilibrium

A

Semicircular canals
Vestibule

26
Q

Semicircular canals

A

Detect dynamic equilibrium- speed and direction of head movements

27
Q

Vestibule

A

Detects static equilibrium (position of the head when the body is stationary as well as moving in a straight line )

28
Q

How hearing occurs ?

A

L

29
Q

Accessory structures of the eye

A

Eyebrows
Eyelashes
Eyelids
Conjunctiva
Tarsal gland

30
Q

Tarsal glands

A

Edge of the eye (tarsal plate)
Secrete oil to slow the evaporation of tears and form a seal when eyes are closed

31
Q

Conjunctiva

A

Transparent mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and the anterior surface of the eye ball
Secretes a thin mucous film to keep eyelid moist

32
Q

Lacrimal apparatus

A

Lacrimal punctum
Lacrimal glands
Nasolacrimal duct

33
Q

Lacrimal punctum

A

Pores at the end of the lacrimal canal that drains tears

34
Q

Lacrimal glands

A

Found above the eye: secretes tears

35
Q

Nasolacrimal duct

A

Passageway that carries tears into the nasal cavity

36
Q

Three tissue layers of the eye

A

Fibrous outer layer
Vascular middle layer
Retina

37
Q

Fibrous outer layer

A

Sclera (white of the eye, contains receptors)
Cornea - transparent extension of the sclera that covers the iris

38
Q

Eye muscles

A

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique
Superior rectus
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus

39
Q

Which muscles rotate your eyes to the side and downward

A

Superior oblique
Inferior oblique

40
Q

Which muscles move the eye up, down, medially and laterally

A

Superior rectus
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus

41
Q

Vascular middle layer

A

Iris- (ring of muscle that adjusts the diameter of the pupil to control the amount of light entering the eye)
Ciliary body- (extension of the choroid around the lens that secrets aqueous humour)
Chorid- (vascular layer of tissue that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the retina and sclera)

42
Q

Retina

A

Photoreceptors (rods and cones)
Macula lutea (center point of retina)
Fovea centralists (sharpest visual point due to an area of high cone concentration)

43
Q

What is the optic disc of the retina?

A

The point where the nerve fibers leave the retina and converge to become the optic nerve
Also where blood vessels enter and leave the eye

44
Q

Anterior cavity of the eye

A

Filled with aqueous humour
Between the lens and cornea

45
Q

Lens of the eye

A

A disc of tissue that changes shape for near and far vision

46
Q

Posterior cavity

A

Filled with vitreous humour
Behind the lens

47
Q

Process of vision

A

Refraction
Convergence
Accommodation

48
Q

Refraction

A

Bending of light rays to focus on the retina

49
Q

Convergence

A

Lining up of the visual axis of each eye toward an object

50
Q

Accommodation

A

Pupils constrict and the lens changes it curvature to focus on an object

Anatomy (9 decks)

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