Sensory Pathway

Question 0

What does the viscerosensory system respond to?

Answer 0

The internal environment

Question 1

What does the somatosensory system respond to?

Answer 1

The external environment

Question 2

Tactile innocuous sensations (touch) is achieved by what somatosensory receptor?

Answer 2

Mechanoreceptor

Question 3

Thermal sensations are achieved by which receptor type?

Answer 3

Thermoreceptors

Question 4

Pain sensations can be felt via which receptors?

Answer 4

Nociceptors it polymodal nociceptors

Question 5

Where can meissner corpuscles be found?

Answer 5

Beneath the epidermis, between the dermal pupillae

Question 6

Which nerve endings innervate 40% of the hand?

Answer 6

Meissner corpuscles

Question 7

Where can merkel discs be located?

Answer 7

Beneath the epidermis, aligned with the dermal pupillae

Question 8

25% of the mechanoreceptors in in finger tips, lips and genitalia are?

Answer 8

Merkel discs

Question 9

Which mechanoreceptors can be found in the subcutaneous tissue?

Answer 9

Pacinian corpuscles

Question 10

Why do pacinian corpuscles require high frequency stimulation?

Answer 10

Due to their deep location and highly encapsulated, fluid filled structure

Question 11

What characterises Ruffini’s corpuscles?

Answer 11

They are located in the deep dermis, with a long axis parallel to the skin

Question 12

What is the transduction pathway of mechanoreceptors?

Answer 12

Deformation if the nerve ending alters the membrane permeability producing an AP to the CNS

Question 13

What does a large axon diameter characterise?

Answer 13

Rapidly conducting afferents of low threshold mechanoreceptors

Question 14

Small diameter, slow afferents are associated with what?

Answer 14

Nociceptors and thermoreceptors

Question 15

What is the first order neurone of the mechanosensory pathway?

Answer 15

The primary afferent that enters the dorsal horn

Question 16

What is the second order neurone of the mechanosensory pathway?

Answer 16

It ascends dorsolaterally to the thalamus

Question 17

Which tract do lower limb afferents travel via to the thalamus in the mechanosensory pathway?

Answer 17

The gracile tract

Question 18

What do upper limb afferents pass as they enter the thalamus in the mechanosensory pathway?

Answer 18

The cuneate tract

Question 19

What are the dorsal horn nuclei?

Answer 19

The gracile tract and cuneate tract

Question 20

What is the third order neurone of the mechanosensory pathway?

Answer 20

Travels from the ventral posteria lateral nucleus of the thalamus to the cortex

Question 21

Mechanoreceptor produce what kind of pathway and action?

Answer 21

An ipsilateral pathway (epicritic) to modify actions

Question 22

Pain pathways travel in what way and result in what?

Answer 22

Contralaterally (protopathic) to initiate actions

Question 23

The anterolateral pathway produces what sensation?

Answer 23

Pain

Question 24

What is the first order neurone of the anterolateral pathway?

Answer 24

The primary afferent that synapses in the dorsal horn with glutamate

Question 25

What is the secondary neurone in the anterolateral pathway?

Answer 25

Travels from the dorsal horn to the anterolateral portion of the white matter and to the posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus

Question 26

What is the third order neurone in the anterolateral pathway?

Answer 26

From the ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus to the somatosensory cortex