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Biology Of The Mind > CNS Anatomy > Flashcards

CNS Anatomy Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

The hindbrain consists of…?

A

Pons, medulla oblongata and cerebellum

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1
Q

The forebrain includes which structures?

A

Cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus

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2
Q

Rostral and caudal refer to which aspects of the brain?

A

Front and back respectively

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3
Q

The brain can be sectioned in three different orientations, these are?

A

Sagittal, coronal and horizontal

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4
Q

The corpus callosum is visible through which section?

A

Midsaggital

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5
Q

The prosencephalon refers to which area of the brain?

A

The forebrain

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6
Q

The mesencephalon can also be termed the…?

A

Midbrain

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7
Q

Rhombencephalon is another term for the…?

A

Hindbrain

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8
Q

The reticular formation is found where?

A

In the midbrain and medulla

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9
Q

The reticular formation performs what functions?

A

It is a sensorimotor controller - heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness

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10
Q

The raphe nuclei contains a high concentration of which neurotransmitter?

A

Serotonin (5-HT)

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11
Q

The area postrema is located where?

A

In the pons and medulla

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12
Q

The locus coeruleus in the pons contains which neurotransmitter?

A

Noradrenaline

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13
Q

The dopamine pathway is responsible for what?

A

Reward, pleasure and euphoria

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14
Q

The serotonin pathway impacts upon which functions?

A

Mood, memory processing, sleep and mental cognition

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15
Q

What system is the substantia migration part of?

A

The dopamine motor system

16
Q

Visual inputs are received by and processed to focus by which brain region?

A

Superior colliculus

17
Q

The periqueductal grey matter controls which pathways?

A

Emotive and somatic pain, and fear

18
Q

Information is relayed via sensory inputs to sensory areas of the cerebral cortex by which CNS region?

A

The thalamus (diencephalon)

19
Q

Homeostatic regulation of the internal environment is controlled by…?

A

The hypothalamus

20
Q

The Limbic system is made up of 11 CNS structure, name 5.

A

Olfactory system, reticular formation, hippocampus, mammillary bodies, amygdala, parahipocampal gyri, septal area, habenula, nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex and hypothalamus

21
Q

The substantia night a, superior colliculus, periqueductal grey matter and red nucleus all belong to which brain region?

A

The midbrain

22
Q

The telencephalon refers to which brain region?

A

The cerebrum

23
Q

The telencephalic nuclei include…?

A

The basal ganglia, hippocampus, and amygdala

24
Q

Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease are characterised by the degeneration of which brain region?

A

The basal ganglia

25
Q

The neocortex is divided into 4 lobes, these are…?

A

The frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe

26
Q

The meninges is made up of which 3 structures?

A

The dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater

27
Q

The cerebral ventricles contain what fluid?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

28
Q

The cerebral ventricles derived from what?

A

Embryonic neural tube

29
Q

Where is the cerebrospinal fluid produced?

A

The choroid plexus

30
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid flows through 3 different places, there are?

A

The ventricle system, venous circulation and the subarachnoid space

31
Q

What do spinal nerves consist of?

A

Agreement and efferent axons, forming dorsal and ventral roots

32
Q

Where do sensory nerves enter the spinal cord?

A

The dorsal root

33
Q

The sensory nerve divides into 3 branches which…?

A
  1. Ascends to brainstem
  2. Terminates locally in spinal cord
  3. Ascends a few segments (coordinates muscle systems)
34
Q

The neocortex surface area of a rat and a human differ.

A

Rat - 6cm2

Human - 2,200-2,500cm2

35
Q

A collateral axon is…?

A

Axon projections allowing multiple effects

Biology Of The Mind (15 decks)

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