Sensorimotor Neuroanatomy

Question 1

What does the nervous system do

Answer 1

controls muscle activity

Question 2

What does the muscular system do

Answer 2

contracts due to nervous system activity

Question 3

2 parts of the nervous system

Answer 3

CNS and PNS

Question 4

What is the CNS

Answer 4

brain and spinal cord

Question 5

2 cells of the nervous system

Answer 5

neurons and glial

Question 6

what are neurons

Answer 6

nerve cells, functional unit of NS

Question 7

what is the main purpose of neurons

Answer 7

receive, process, and output info

Question 8

what is the main purpose of glial cells

Answer 8

support cells and provides nourishment

Question 9

what is the function of the nucleus in the neuron

Answer 9

genetic center of the cell

Question 10

what is the function of the dendrites in the neuron

Answer 10

receive info from other neurons

Question 11

what is the function of the cell body in the neuron

Answer 11

sums up info

Question 12

what is the function of the axon in the neuron

Answer 12

transmits info from the cell body to the PS terminals

Question 13

what is the function of the presynaptic terminals in the neuron

Answer 13

attaches to other neuron to relay info

Question 14

3 types of neurons

Answer 14

sensory, motor, interneuron

Question 15

what is another name for sensory neurons

Answer 15

afferent

Question 16

what do sensory/afferent neurons do

Answer 16

deliver info TO the CNS

Question 17

what is another name for motor neurons

Answer 17

efferent

Question 18

what do motor/efferent neurons do

Answer 18

connect to muscle cells to cause contraction (send message)

Question 19

what do interneurons do

Answer 19

connect sensory and motor neurons

Question 20

what accounts for majority of the neurons in the nervous system

Answer 20

interneurons

Question 21

what is the main function of glial cells

Answer 21

insulate, support, and nourish

Question 22

what forms the myelin sheath

Answer 22

glial cells

Question 23

what does the myelin sheath do

Answer 23

speeds up transmission of impulses

Question 24

what is the “6th sense”

Answer 24

proprioception

Question 25

what is proprioception

Answer 25

conscience perception of the body's perception and movement without seeing it

Question 26

where are the proprioception receptors housed

Answer 26

muscles, tendons, joints

Question 27

what are muscle spindles

Answer 27

muscle stretch receptors

Question 28

where are muscle spindles located

Answer 28

in the muscle

Question 29

what do muscle spindles sense

Answer 29

change in muscle length

Question 30

what is the control center of the NS

Answer 30

brain

Question 31

what details/movements does the motor cortex specify

Answer 31

direction, magnitude, speed

Question 32

3 divisions of the motor cortex

Answer 32

premotor, supplementary motor, primary motor

Question 33

what does the left hemisphere control

Answer 33

right side of the body

Question 34

what does the right hemisphere control

Answer 34

left side of the body

Question 35

what does the left hemisphere specify

Answer 35

muscle force and timing

Question 36

what does the right hemisphere specify

Answer 36

tactile and spatial discrimination

Question 37

what is the purpose of the corpus callosum

Answer 37

facilities communication between L and R hemisphere

Question 38

where is the basal ganglia located

Answer 38

deep inside the brain

Question 39

where is movement initiated

Answer 39

basal ganglia

Question 40

what part of the brain "plans" movement

Answer 40

basal ganglia

Question 41

where is the cerebellum located

Answer 41

behind the brainstem

Question 42

what does the cerebellum do

Answer 42

adjusts motor output and control posture

Question 43

what happens when the cerebellum is damaged

Answer 43

loss of motor coordination

Question 44

what does the spinal cord do other than link brain and muscles

Answer 44

processes some info

Question 45

what is a characteristic of white matter in the spinal cord

Answer 45

myelinated

Question 46

what is the purpose of white matter in the spinal cord

Answer 46

to form tracts to brain or muscle

Question 47

what is a characteristic of gray matter

Answer 47

unmyelinated

Question 48

what does gray matter house

Answer 48

interneurons

Question 49

where do dorsal roots send info to and from

Answer 49

to spinal cord from muscle

Question 50

what type of neuron is dorsal root (afferent or efferent)

Answer 50

afferent

Question 51

where do ventral roots send info to and from

Answer 51

to muscle from spinal cord

Question 52

what type of neuron is ventral root (afferent or efferent)

Answer 52

efferent

Question 53

what does the axon run through

Answer 53

white matter