sensation and perseption sac unit 2 Flashcards
what is sensation
process of sense orgasns and receptors detect and respond to sensory info
-sense organs detect and respond to stimulants
what is perception
process of whitch we give meaning to the information
-information picked up results into personal interpretation
difference between sensation
perception is an automatic process
perception not being accurate
-example of visual illustions indicate that we can sometimes be decieved
what is reception
the process of detecting and responding to incoming sensory information
what is receptive field
the area of space in whic a receptor can respond to a stimulus
stages of sensation and preception
reception,transduction,transmission, interpretation
transduction 2nd stage
process by which the receptors change the energy into chemical impluses
-energy converted travels to the brain
transmission 3rd step
-involves sending the sensory information as electrical impluses to relevant parts of the brain through the thalamus
interpretation
- process of assigning meaning to sensory information
- relies on existing knowledge
sensation process 4 steps in taste
reception: chemicals dissolved in saliva
transduction: the chemcial energy is converted by the receptor cells on the taste budes into electrochemical pluses
Transmission: from the taste buds the nerve impluses travel through the thalamus to the primary gustatory cortex low in the parietal lobe just behind the primary
somatosensory cortex
Perception: the gustatory cortex processes your taste
biological factors-genetics
some taste are genetically determined
20% of people dislike the taste of coriander, soapy taste
biological factors-age
- newborn babies programmed to like sweet tastes
- breast milk is sweeter than cows milk
- from age 40 taste buds do not regenerate as fast as they die
psychological factors- perceptual set
- the way food is packaged and brand can impact the way we perceive it’s taste
- study conducted by german researchers 2015
- found 88% of children preferred the same food in better packaging
social factors on taste - culture
- spice tolerance, higher if grew up in culture if eating a lot of spice
- Deep fired spider tastes like chicken
gestalt principles (vision)
- translated from german to form or shape
- includes figure ground, closure, similarity and proximity
what is figure ground
-we organise visual information by dividing image into figure which stands out from ground
what is closure
the tendency to mentally close up and fill in gaps
what is similarity
tendency to perceive parts of a visual image that have similar features
belonging together in a meaningful group
what is proximity
tendency to perceive parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together as a group.
depth perception (2 types)
- binocular depth cues
- monocular depth cues
binocular depth cues
- use of both eyes
- determine the distance of close object
Convergence (how eyes are able to detect depth or distance)
The brain is able to detect and interpret depth or distance due to the changes in the
- tension of the eye muscles
- tendency for eye to turn
- cross eye to focus on close object
Retinal disparty
each eye sees something different, visual cortex combinds image
