chapter 10

Question 1

Social Influence

Answer 1

effects of the presence or action of others, affect the way people think feel and behave

Question 2

what is a group

Answer 2

collection of two or more people who interact with and

influence one another and whoshare a common purpose

Question 3

Status

Answer 3

refers to the importance of an individuals position in the group, as perceived by the members of the group

Question 4

Power

Answer 4

refers to an individual’s (or group’s) ability to control or influence the thoughts, feelings, or behaviour of another person

Question 5

types of power(6types)

Answer 5

• coercive power
• legitimate power
• referent power
• expert power
• informational power
• reward power

Question 6

Obedience

Answer 6

occurs when we follow the commands of someone with

authority, or the rules or laws of our society

Question 7

Milgram’s Experiments on Obedience

Answer 7

Milgram advertised for 40 male research participants between the ages of 20 and 50 years, offering to pay them US$4.50 (equivalent to about $60.00 today) for one hour of their time to participate in an experiment at Yale University.
-find out whether individuals would obey an authority figure who was instructing them to inflict pain on another person

Question 8

Milgram’s Experiments on Obedience

Answer 8

-The results were unexpected — of 40
participants, none stopped administering the
shocks before 300 volts
26 continued to administer the shocks at the
450-volt level. Five participants refused to go on with the experiment at 300 volts when the learner
began kicking the walls.

Question 9

factors affecting obedience

Answer 9

• social proximity
• legitimacy of an authority figure
• group pressure

Question 10

Conformity

Answer 10

the tendency to adjust one’s thoughts, feelings or

behaviour in ways that are in agreement with those of a particular individual or group, or with social norms.

Question 11

Factors affecting Conformity

Answer 11

• group size
• unanimity
• informational influence
• normativer influence
• culture
• social loafing
• deindividuation

Question 12

Social loafing

Answer 12

Social loafing refers to the concept that people are prone to exert less effort when working collectively as part of a group

Question 13

prosocial behaviour

Answer 13

any behaviour with the intent to help or benefit another person, group or society.

Question 14

Factors that Influence Helping Behaviour

Answer 14

• Situational Factors
Social Factors
Personal Factors

Question 15

Influences on Reluctance to Help

Answer 15

• Diffusion of Responsibility
• Audience Inhibition
• Cost-Benefit Analysis