mental health Flashcards
1
Q
mental health 2 points
- e s
- str
A
- a state of emotional and social wellbeing
- in which individuals can cope with the normal stresses of life
2
Q
areas where mental health cover
sesp
A
- social and emotional wellbeing
- environmental quality
- self management skills
- physical health
3
Q
high levels of functioning
A
independance ,goals and development
4
Q
social wellbeing
A
connected reciporcated valued desired
5
Q
emotional wellbeing
A
balanced, normal range, strategies
6
Q
resilience
A
the capacity to recover quickly from set backs
7
Q
how to look after physical heatlh
A
diet sleep and excerise
8
Q
being social
A
investing time in connections and give to others
9
Q
do something you enjoy
A
hobbies creative learning
10
Q
down time
A
time for self
11
Q
take notice
A
take action
12
Q
mental illness
A
is a mental disorder that affects one or more functions of the mind
13
Q
what can mental illness do
A
interfere with a person’s thoughts, emotions preceptions and behaviours
14
Q
mood disorders
A
depression, bipolar
15
Q
anxiety disorders
A
ocd phobis ptsd
16
Q
mental health continuum
h r i i
A
healthy-normal fuctioning
reacting-common and reversible distress
injured- presistent fuctional impairment
Ill- clinical disorder
17
Q
stigma
A
a sign of disgrace that sets someone apart from on another
18
Q
placebo
A
fake or false treatment
19
Q
placebo effect
A
a change in participant behaviour due to expectation regarding the treatment they are recieving
20
Q
experimenter effect
A
a change in participants behaviour due to experimenter’s treatment or influence
21
Q
single blind vs double blind
A
participants being unaware vs experiementer and participants being unaware which gorup is control or experimental
22
Q
role of experimenter
A
no psychological or physical harm
-must be worthwhile
23
Q
rights of the participant vcddiw
A
-voluntary participations
-informed consent
-deception
confidentiality
debriefing
withdrawal rights
24
Q
Ethics
A
Rules and guidelines that govern research
25
3 factors that contribute to mental health
psychological social biological
26
risk factors
factors that may contribute to an individuals mental health problems
27
predisposing factors
factors that increase vulnerability to developing mental health problems
28
precipitating factors
factors that trigger the onset or exacerbation of mental health problems
29
perpetuating factors
factors that inhibit recovery from mental problems
30
protective factors
factors that prevent occurrence or reoccurence of mental health problems
31
types of predisposing factors
genetica hormones temperament poverty
32
types of precipitating factors
environmental trigger
significant life event
trauma accident injury
33
types of prepetuating factors
poor health
stigma
lack of social support and resources
34
types of protective factors
good health
hormonal balance
resilience
social support
35
genetic vulnerability to mental illness
A biological predisposition to develop a certain disorder or disease.
36
genetic vulnerability in schizophrenia
Biological relatives of people with schizophrenia have a 10% risk of developing the disorder, as compared with 1% in the general population.
The identical twin of a person with schizophrenia has a 40%-50%
risk.
37
genetic vulnerability in depression
Biological relatives are 1.5 to 3 times more likely to suffer depression.
Identical twins raised apart will both suffer depression about 67% of the time.
38
Pharmacogenetics
the study of genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways
39
Rumination
Rumination is when people over think or obsess about situations or life events.
40
impaired reasoning and memory schizophrenia
Sufferers of schizophrenia have been found to have difficulty with probabilistic reasoning (judgements about something happening or being true).
• Sufferers of schizophrenia have also been found to have impaired memory ability(episodic with the greatest impairment).
41
stress can be
Chronic or acute
| cognitive emotional physical behaviour
42
poor self efficacy
• Self efficacy is the belief in
our own ability to succeed
and overcome.
• People with poor self
efficacy are less likely to
seek help.
43
social risk factor: disorganised attachment
• A child needs a secure base of attachment.
Disorganised attachment=
avoidant personality
As adults they can struggle
with relationships,trust and
seeking help from others.
44
mary anisworth and attachment theory
strange situation
caregiver present
caregiver leaves
caregiver returns
45
Social risk factor: Loss of
| significant relationship
Social connections are one of our greatest protective factors.
• The loss of these networks can be devastating.
• Grief and bereavement disorders
46
Social risk factor: Stigma
7/10 students struggle to believe their peers suffer from mental health conditions
Stigma is a mark of disgrace or disgust that sets someone apart from others.
Stigma as a barrier to accessing treatment
47
Cumulative risk
•.A combination of multiple risk factors at the one time.
The accumulation of risk factors makes mental illness more likely.
48
stress def
A psychological or physiological state of tension and arousal
49
anxiety
State of physiological arousal associated with feelings of worry or uneasiness
that something is wrong or that something unpleasant is about to happen
50
severe anxiety
is usually accompanied by intense physiological responses.
| breathlessness, sweating, dizzness, feeling of losing
51
anxiety disorders
are a group of disorders
| - chronic feelings of extreme apprehension, fear,stress and unease.
52
phobia is a type of
3 key words pii
type of anxiety disorder
| -presistent, irrational and intense
53
specific phobia
Exposure to the phobic stimulus triggers an involuntary stress anxiety
response similar to a stress response
54
biological contributing factor to phobia
dysfuctional gaba system, role of stress response long term potentiation
55
biological contributing factor to phobia effects
emotional memory long term effects
stress can supress neurogensis
inhibitory neurotransmitter low levels leds to high levels to anxiety
56
gaba
gamma amino butyric acid
-inhibitory role, makes post synpatic neuron less likely to fire
-regulates anxiety, arousal and sleep
57
psychological factors of phobia
phobias can be maintain through classical conditioning
- operant conditioning maintains the phobia
- avoidance is a negative reinforcer and exposure is punishment strengthening the response
- cognitive bais: is a tendency to think in a way that involves errors of judgement and faults decision-making
58
cognitive bias. a m i
attentional bias: tendency to selectively attend phobia related stimuli
memory bias: a better recollection of phobic events and information, remember more negative
interpretative bias: tendency to interpret non threatening stimuli as threatening
59
social contributing factors
specfic environmental triggers
| stigma
60
treating phobias using gaba - biological
Anti-anxiety drugs that mimic the effect of GABA can be used to manage
simple phobic anxiety.
benozo-dia-zepine
61
relaxtion technique : breathing training - biological
Breathing training-replacing incorrect breathing techniques with correct ones.
62
relaxtion technique : excersise - biological
• Produces positive chemicals(i.e. endorphins)
| Uses negative chemicals produced in a stress response(ie adrenalin
63
cognitive behaviour therapy - psychological
• Uses a combination of verbal and behaviour modification techniques to help people change irrational patterns of
thinking that create a phobia.
thoughts feelings and behaviour`
64
systematic desensitisation - psychological
• A graded experience where a sufferer is gradually exposed to phobic stimulus while using relaxation techniques
classical conditioning
65
gradual exposure
stages of removing fear from stimuli
66
Psychoeducation -social factor to treating phobia
* Challenging unrealistic thoughts(i.e. irrational fear)
| * Discouraging avoidance behaviours which can act as a negative reinforcer and strengthen the phobic behaviour
67
challenging cognitive bias
attentional
memory
interpretative
68
resilience bps
Biological: Diet and sleep
Psychological:Cognitive behavioural strategies
Social: Support from family,friends and the community
69
Transtheoretical model of behaviour
| change
assesses an individuals readiness to change
different stages an individual may go
through as they move towards healthier behaviour
70
5 stages of transtheorectical model of behaviour change pcpam
```
precontemplation- no intention
contemplation-intends to take action
preparation-takes some behaviour steps
action - changes overt behaviour
mantainece- more than 6 months overt behaviour
```
