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Psychology > Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

Sensation and Perception Flashcards

1
Q

absolute threshold

A

the smallest amount of stimulation needed for detection by a sense

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2
Q

agnosia

A

loss of ability to perceive stimuli

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3
Q

anosmia

A

loss of ability to smell

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4
Q

audition

A

ability to process auditory stimuli also called hearing

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5
Q

auditory canal

A

a tube running from outer ear to inner ear

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6
Q

auditory hair cells

A

receptors in the cochlea that transduce sound into its electrical potentials

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7
Q

binocular disparity

A

the difference is images processed by the left and right eyes

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8
Q

binocular vision

A

ability to perceive 3D and depth because of the difference

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9
Q

bottom-up processing

A

building up to perceptual experience from individual pieces

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10
Q

chemical senses

A

our ability to process the environmental stimuli of smell and taste

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11
Q

cochlea

A

the spiral bone structure in the inner ear containing auditory hair cells

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12
Q

cones

A

photorecptors of the retina sensitive to color, located primarily in the fovea

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13
Q

dark adaptation

A

adjustment of eyes to low levels of light

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14
Q

differential threshold

A

the smallest difference needed in order to differentiate two stimuli

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15
Q

dorsal pathway

A

pathway of visual processing, the “where” pathway

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16
Q

flavor

A

combination of smell and tatse

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17
Q

gustation

A

abilty to process gustatory stimuli, called tatse

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18
Q

just noticeable difference

A

the smallest difference needed to differentiate two stimuli

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19
Q

light adaptation

A

adjustment of the eye to high levels of light

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20
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

mechanical sensory receptors in the skin that respond to tactile stimulation

21
Q

multimodal perception

A

the effects that concurrent stimulation in more than one sensory modality has one preception of events and objects in the world

22
Q

nociception

A

our abiltiy to sense pain

23
Q

odorants

A

chemicals transduced by olfactory receptors

24
Q

olfactory epithelium

A

organ containing olfactory receptors

25
Q

olfaction

A

ability to process olfactory stimuli also called smell

26
Q

opponent-process theory

A

theory proposing color vision as influenced by cells responsive to pairs of colors

27
Q

ossicles

A

collection of three small bones in the middle ear that vibrate against the tympanic membrane

28
Q

perception

A

a psychological process of interpreting sensory information

29
Q

phantom limb

A

pain in a limb that no longer exists

30
Q

pinna

A

outer most portion of the ear

31
Q

primary auditory cortex

A

area of the cortex involved in the processing auditory stimuli

32
Q

primary somatosensory cortex

A

area of the cortex involved in processing somasensory stimuli

33
Q

primary visual cortex

A

area of cortex processing visual stimuli

34
Q

principal of inverse effectiveness

A

finding multimodal stimulus, if the response to each modal component (on its own)is weak, then opportunity for multi-sensory

35
Q

rods

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to low-level light. located around the fovea

36
Q

sensation

A

the physical processing of environmental stimuli by sense organs

37
Q

sensory adaptation

A

a decrease in sensitivity of a receptor to a stimulus after constant stimulation

38
Q

the shape of theory olfaction

A

theory proposing that odorants of different size and shape corresponding to the different smells

39
Q

signal detection

A

method for studying the ability to correctly identify sensory stimuli

40
Q

somatosensation

A

ability to sense, touch, pain, and temperature

41
Q

somatotopic map

A

organization of the primary somatosensory cortex maintaining a representation of the arrangement of the body

42
Q

tastants

A

chemicals transduced by the taste receptor cells

43
Q

top-down processing

A

experience influencing the perception of stimuli

44
Q

transduction

A

the conversion of one form of energy into another

45
Q

Trichromatic theory

A

theory proposing color vision as influenced by three different correspondings preferentially to red, green and blue

46
Q

tympanic membrane

A

thin stretched membrane in the middle of the ear that vibrates in response to sound also called eardrum.

47
Q

ventral pathway

A

pathway of visual processing the “what” pathway

48
Q

vestibular system

A

parts of the inner ear involved in balance

49
Q

Webers Law

A

states that just noticeable difference is proportional to the magnitude of the initial stimulus

Psychology (21 decks)

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