Sensation and Perception Flashcards
sensory
= receival of sensory info
- vision
- sound
- smell – olfaction
- taste – gastation
- touch
retina
- back of the eye
- connected to the visual nerves
Rod and Cone cells
Rod = sensitive to light intensity
cone = sensitive to colour
- located in fovea only
- less
Bi-polar cell
- opposed colour deteced
Trichromatic Theory
- based on Cone cells (3 types)
- idea that there are 3 basic colours:
green/blue/red - explain Coloublindness
Opponent-process Theory
- based on bi-polar cell
- idea that there are 3 opposite colour
black/white; red/green; blue/yellow - explain Afterimage
Sound wave function
- frequency = pitch
- amplitude = loudness
- complexity = timbre
Cochlea
- located at the inner ear
- convert vibration into signals to audio nerves
Olfactory bulb
- located in nasal capacity
- generate neural signals to sensory nerves
taste bud
- located on the tongue
- send signals to the gastaroty nerves
skin
- collect sensory info
phantom limb
- illusion of the existence of a non-physically existed limb
Nociceptors
mood and expectation affect pain
perception
mental process of making sensory meaningful
perceptual constancy
= ability to recognise constancy under different situation
- size/shape/colour
ambiguity and distortion
- Illusion = incorrect perception
- Ambiguity = the stimulus itself can be perceived in multiple ways
Gastalt Psychology
innate factors shape perceptions
7 factors in Gestalt psychology
- proximation
- similarity
- common fate
- closure
- continuity
- ground/figure
- Prägnanz (sense-making)
learning-based inference
- perception shaped by learning
cultural factor
- perception shaped by individualism/colletivism
perceptual set
- exposure to environment determine readiness to detect certain info
