Biopsychology Flashcards
Brain
- cerebral cortex
- limbic system
- medulla
cerebral cortex
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- Occipital lobe
- temporal lobe
frontal lobe
- prefrontal cortex = personality
- motor cortex = generate signal for voluntary movements
- Broca’s Area = speech production
parietal lobe
- somatosensory cortex = receive sensory infomation
Occipital lobe
- primary visual cortex = receive visual info
- visual associative cortex = analyse visual to form images
Temporal lobe
- primary auditorial cortex = receive sound info
- Auditorial associative cortex = analyse sound info and generate audio
- Wernicke’s Area = speech conprehension
Limbic system
Thalamus = relay sensory info Hypothalamus = internal coordination (hunger, thirst) Hippocampus = memory Amygdala = emotion
Medulla
= automatic function
- Pons = sleep
- Cerebellum = regulate movement
- Brain stem = basic (heartbeat, breathe)
Neuron types
- sensory neuron (sensory to CNS)
- interneuron
- motor neuron (CNS to motor)
neuron structure
- dendrites
- soma = nucleus + cytoplasm
- myelin sheath (Schwann cell = PNS; oligodendrocyte = CNS)
- terminal button
- synapses
synapse
- synaptic cleft
- neurotransmitter (chemical messengers)
- receptors
neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine = vital fro basic function
Dopamine = happiness, relaxation
Seretonin
Agonist vs Antagonist
Agonist = mimicking effect Antagonist = blocking receptor (e.g, Curare block Ach receptor)
Inhibitory vs Excitatory
Inhibitory = inhibit the likelihood of aneural activity to fire
e.g., dopamine & serotonin
Excitatory = encourage the likelihood of neural activity to occur
e.g., Acytlcholine
Fodorism
- the idea that there is one-to-one match between brain and behavior
e. g., Functional specialisation
Neuron system
Central NS = brain + spine Peripheral NS : -- automatic NS : * sympathetic = fight or flight * parasympathetic = relax and digest -- somatic NS * sensory = input * motor = output
neuron potential
- resting potential = -77 mV
threshold = -55 mV - acting potential = 40 mV
- All-or-none principle
All-or-none principle
neuron activity: either complete or none\
- depending whether threshold is reached
process of potential
depolarisation = Na+ enter
Depolarisation = K+ out
hyperpolarisation
Methods studying brain
CT scan = using X-ray EET = metal discs attached to scull PET = inject/swallow/inhale tracer MRI = nuclei resonance fMRL = oxygen level
Mirror neurons
= groups of neurons that are activated when observing others’ behaviour or action
- explain social learning theory
