Semester Exam Flashcards
Which lines run parallel of the equator?
Latitude
What is located in Greenwich, England?
The Prime Meridian
What percentage of the world is made up of water?
70%
The lithosphere consists of the earth’s what?
Water
The hydrosphere consists of the earth’s what?
Water
How many inches per year do the plates in the earth move?
Four inches
How many miles is the earth from the sun?
93mil
What is the diameter of the earth?
8,000
Earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis are created by ____ forces.
Internal
What is made up of thick rock such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum, and iron?
The Mantle
Which tropic is located at 23.5° S?
Capricorn
Which tropic is located at 23.5° N?
Cancer
What are winds that blow in constant patterns?
Prevailing winds
Which area on the Equator is usually windless?
Doldrums
Which direction do the ocean currents flow in the Southern Hemisphere?
Counter-clockwise
What is the highest point of Earth’s surface?
Mount Everest
What is the lowest point of the earth’s surface?
Dead Sea
What type of map shows the boundaries of states?
Political
What type of economy states that the government owns or directs the means of production and controls distribution of goods?
Command economy
What is the hottest and lowest place in the US?
Death Valley
How far do the Rocky Mountains extend?
3,000 miles
Which states do the Rocky Mountains begin and end in?
Alaska and New Mexico respectively
Which US state is first in natural gas reserves?
Texas
What are North America’s oldest mountains and the continent’s second-longest mountain range?
Appalachian Mountains
Why is New York City’s Manhattan Island important?
It’s a leading economic center
Which state is composed of volcanic mountaintops?
Hawaii
What is a major source of hydroelectric power for the US and Canada?
Niagara Falls
How does Canada’s weather affect the US?
Cold air comes down from Canada
Where is the majority of oil and natural gas reserves located in Canada?
Near Alberta
What is the world’s largest island?
Greenland
What is the name of the US epidemic during the 1930’s that destroyed many crops and caused numerous agricultural problems?
The Dust Bowl
Where are the world’s finest emeralds found?
Colombia
Which two Latin American countries are leading oil producers?
Mexico and Venezuela
What is the largest lake in Central America?
Lake Nicaragua
Which country is the world’s leading exporter of copper?
Chile
What affects the climates of Latin America the most?
Elevation
What is unique about the Atacama Desert?
No rainfall has been recorded
In your opinion, what is the best system of government and economics that we have talked about? Support your answer.
Representative democracy… works in the US
Mixed economy… people can have their own business and choose which products they want
What do we call the phenomenon where a place experiences si months without sunlight?
Midnight sun
What is the oldest and most common form of government throughout history?
Absolute monarchy
Which Native American tribe was known for communicating with a knotted cord known as a quipu?
Inca
Which Native American tribe built artificial islands?
Aztec
Which Native American tribe was highly skilled in mathematics calculating the orbit of the earth?
Maya
What was the first Latin American country to achieve independence?
Haiti
Who built schools, hospitals, and colleges during the colonisation of Latin America?
Protestant missionaries
Why is the literacy rate improving in Latin America?
Free education
What was the name given to the leaders appointed in Latin America for colonisation by Europe?
Viceroy
What is the national sport of most Latin American countries?
Soccer
Which country was the only one to gain the independence without a revolution?
Brazil
What is life often centred on in Latin America?
Family
What are the five themes of geography?
Location, place, movement, region, human/environment interaction
What is the difference between a physical and political map?
Physical shows topography, political shows boundaries between countries
What is the deepest part of the ocean?
The Mariana Trench
List the seven continents.
North America, South America, Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, Antartica
List the 5 oceans.
Pacific, Indian, Atlantic, Southern, Arctic
Define autocracy.
One person has complete control over the government
Define oligarchy.
A group of people control the government
Give a few examples of a totalitarian dictator.
Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin
How does direct democracy work?
People vote directly on matters.
How does a representative democracy function?
People vote for representatives on their choices.
Which country has an abundant supply of sulfur?
Turkmenistan
How many Arabs are in the Middle East?
275M
What language do Iranians speak?
Farsi
When did Israel gain access to the Golan Heights?
1967
Which country is open to western elements of society?
Turkey
Which group has no homeland?
Kurds
What is the largest inland body of water?
Caspian Sea
How long is the Nile River?
4,160 miles
Which desert is the red sand desert?
Qizilqum
Which desert is the black sand desert?
Garagum
Define ethnic diversity in your own words.
Ethnic diversity is different people from different ethnic backgrounds in a community or school or other group.
What are the three most populous countries in the Middle East?
Turkey, Egypt, and Iran
Why do many Arabs dislike the formation of Israel?
Palestinians were displaced as a result and land was taken away from them.
What language do the Arabs speak?
Arabic
What separates Africa and Europe?
The Mediterranean Sea
How much of oil is in the Middle East?
70% of the world’s oil.
What is unique about the Dead Sea?
It’s nine times saltier than the ocean
What mountain has two peaks?
Mt. Ararat
What is significant about Mount Ararat?
Noah’s ark “supposedly” rested here
What is Africa’s longest mountain chain?
Atlas mountains
How do you suggest the Middle Eastern countries handle their ethnic diversity?
Iranian leaders… see what their people think about western things…
Who was the founder if Judaism?
Abraham
Who was the founder of Islam?
Muhammed
What Christian holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus?
Easter
Who was the founder of Christianity?
JESUSUS
What is the definition of monotheism?
Worship of one god
Why is Jerusalem important to Christians?
Site of the passion, crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus
How does religion pay an important role in the conflicts ongoing in the Middle East today?
Just as Christians want to spread their religion, so do many other religions. Every religion has extremist groups, and ISIS is one of said groups for Muslims. etc etc
Which peninsula consists of Norway and Sweden?
Scandinavia
Which peninsula contains the countries Spain and Portugal?
Iberian
Which peninsula consists of the countries of Albania, Greece, and Romania?
Balkan
Which peninsula is made up of the country of Denmark?
Jutland
What is the most important river in Eastern Europe?
Danube
What is the most important river in Western Europe?
Rhines
Which wind brings cold air to southern France?
Mistral
Which wind brings hot air from the North African deserts of Libya?
Siroccos
Where is the Black Forest?
Germany
Which religion do the Swedes share?
Lutheran
Which ethnic group of Belgium trace their ancestry to the Celts who lived there during the Germanic Invasion?
Walloons
What is a system in which powerful lords gave lands to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty?
Feudalism
Where did the industrial Revolution begin?
Great Britain
Which country became the symbol of the Cold War?
Germany
Which two civilizations became the model for the western world?
Ancient Greece and Rome
What is the main problem between the Flemings and the Walloons?
language
What is the last populated country in Europe? Most populated?
Vatican City; Germany
What characteristics can define Iceland?
Hot springs, geysers, volcanoes
Which river connects industrial cities to the busy port of Rotterdam on the North Sea?
Rhines
Who led the communist world?
USSR
Where did artists seek influence from during the Renaissance?
Ancient Greece and Rome
Explain how the ocean currents and wind patterns affect the climate in Europe.
Winds from the Atlantic Ocean blow across Northwest Europe, bringing warm air; mistrals from the alps bring cold air to France; sirrocos from Libya blow hot desert wind and dust north.
What is communism and how did it come into the scene in Europe?
Communism is an economic and political system designed to make classless societies; social problems caused by poorly paid factory workers living in unhealthy conditions.
