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Geography 2015/16 > Semester Exam > Flashcards

Semester Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Which lines run parallel of the equator?

A

Latitude

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2
Q

What is located in Greenwich, England?

A

The Prime Meridian

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3
Q

What percentage of the world is made up of water?

A

70%

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4
Q

The lithosphere consists of the earth’s what?

A

Water

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5
Q

The hydrosphere consists of the earth’s what?

A

Water

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6
Q

How many inches per year do the plates in the earth move?

A

Four inches

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7
Q

How many miles is the earth from the sun?

A

93mil

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8
Q

What is the diameter of the earth?

A

8,000

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9
Q

Earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis are created by ____ forces.

A

Internal

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10
Q

What is made up of thick rock such as silicon, oxygen, aluminum, and iron?

A

The Mantle

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11
Q

Which tropic is located at 23.5° S?

A

Capricorn

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12
Q

Which tropic is located at 23.5° N?

A

Cancer

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13
Q

What are winds that blow in constant patterns?

A

Prevailing winds

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14
Q

Which area on the Equator is usually windless?

A

Doldrums

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15
Q

Which direction do the ocean currents flow in the Southern Hemisphere?

A

Counter-clockwise

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16
Q

What is the highest point of Earth’s surface?

A

Mount Everest

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17
Q

What is the lowest point of the earth’s surface?

A

Dead Sea

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18
Q

What type of map shows the boundaries of states?

A

Political

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19
Q

What type of economy states that the government owns or directs the means of production and controls distribution of goods?

A

Command economy

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20
Q

What is the hottest and lowest place in the US?

A

Death Valley

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21
Q

How far do the Rocky Mountains extend?

A

3,000 miles

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22
Q

Which states do the Rocky Mountains begin and end in?

A

Alaska and New Mexico respectively

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23
Q

Which US state is first in natural gas reserves?

A

Texas

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24
Q

What are North America’s oldest mountains and the continent’s second-longest mountain range?

A

Appalachian Mountains

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25
Q

Why is New York City’s Manhattan Island important?

A

It’s a leading economic center

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26
Q

Which state is composed of volcanic mountaintops?

A

Hawaii

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27
Q

What is a major source of hydroelectric power for the US and Canada?

A

Niagara Falls

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28
Q

How does Canada’s weather affect the US?

A

Cold air comes down from Canada

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29
Q

Where is the majority of oil and natural gas reserves located in Canada?

A

Near Alberta

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30
Q

What is the world’s largest island?

A

Greenland

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31
Q

What is the name of the US epidemic during the 1930’s that destroyed many crops and caused numerous agricultural problems?

A

The Dust Bowl

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32
Q

Where are the world’s finest emeralds found?

A

Colombia

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33
Q

Which two Latin American countries are leading oil producers?

A

Mexico and Venezuela

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34
Q

What is the largest lake in Central America?

A

Lake Nicaragua

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35
Q

Which country is the world’s leading exporter of copper?

A

Chile

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36
Q

What affects the climates of Latin America the most?

A

Elevation

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37
Q

What is unique about the Atacama Desert?

A

No rainfall has been recorded

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38
Q

In your opinion, what is the best system of government and economics that we have talked about? Support your answer.

A

Representative democracy… works in the US

Mixed economy… people can have their own business and choose which products they want

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39
Q

What do we call the phenomenon where a place experiences si months without sunlight?

A

Midnight sun

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40
Q

What is the oldest and most common form of government throughout history?

A

Absolute monarchy

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41
Q

Which Native American tribe was known for communicating with a knotted cord known as a quipu?

A

Inca

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42
Q

Which Native American tribe built artificial islands?

A

Aztec

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43
Q

Which Native American tribe was highly skilled in mathematics calculating the orbit of the earth?

A

Maya

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44
Q

What was the first Latin American country to achieve independence?

A

Haiti

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45
Q

Who built schools, hospitals, and colleges during the colonisation of Latin America?

A

Protestant missionaries

46
Q

Why is the literacy rate improving in Latin America?

A

Free education

47
Q

What was the name given to the leaders appointed in Latin America for colonisation by Europe?

A

Viceroy

48
Q

What is the national sport of most Latin American countries?

A

Soccer

49
Q

Which country was the only one to gain the independence without a revolution?

A

Brazil

50
Q

What is life often centred on in Latin America?

A

Family

51
Q

What are the five themes of geography?

A

Location, place, movement, region, human/environment interaction

52
Q

What is the difference between a physical and political map?

A

Physical shows topography, political shows boundaries between countries

53
Q

What is the deepest part of the ocean?

A

The Mariana Trench

54
Q

List the seven continents.

A

North America, South America, Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, Antartica

55
Q

List the 5 oceans.

A

Pacific, Indian, Atlantic, Southern, Arctic

56
Q

Define autocracy.

A

One person has complete control over the government

57
Q

Define oligarchy.

A

A group of people control the government

58
Q

Give a few examples of a totalitarian dictator.

A

Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin

59
Q

How does direct democracy work?

A

People vote directly on matters.

60
Q

How does a representative democracy function?

A

People vote for representatives on their choices.

61
Q

Which country has an abundant supply of sulfur?

A

Turkmenistan

62
Q

How many Arabs are in the Middle East?

A

275M

63
Q

What language do Iranians speak?

A

Farsi

64
Q

When did Israel gain access to the Golan Heights?

A

1967

65
Q

Which country is open to western elements of society?

A

Turkey

66
Q

Which group has no homeland?

A

Kurds

67
Q

What is the largest inland body of water?

A

Caspian Sea

68
Q

How long is the Nile River?

A

4,160 miles

69
Q

Which desert is the red sand desert?

A

Qizilqum

70
Q

Which desert is the black sand desert?

A

Garagum

71
Q

Define ethnic diversity in your own words.

A

Ethnic diversity is different people from different ethnic backgrounds in a community or school or other group.

72
Q

What are the three most populous countries in the Middle East?

A

Turkey, Egypt, and Iran

73
Q

Why do many Arabs dislike the formation of Israel?

A

Palestinians were displaced as a result and land was taken away from them.

74
Q

What language do the Arabs speak?

A

Arabic

75
Q

What separates Africa and Europe?

A

The Mediterranean Sea

76
Q

How much of oil is in the Middle East?

A

70% of the world’s oil.

77
Q

What is unique about the Dead Sea?

A

It’s nine times saltier than the ocean

78
Q

What mountain has two peaks?

A

Mt. Ararat

79
Q

What is significant about Mount Ararat?

A

Noah’s ark “supposedly” rested here

80
Q

What is Africa’s longest mountain chain?

A

Atlas mountains

81
Q

How do you suggest the Middle Eastern countries handle their ethnic diversity?

A

Iranian leaders… see what their people think about western things…

82
Q

Who was the founder if Judaism?

A

Abraham

83
Q

Who was the founder of Islam?

A

Muhammed

84
Q

What Christian holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus?

A

Easter

85
Q

Who was the founder of Christianity?

A

JESUSUS

86
Q

What is the definition of monotheism?

A

Worship of one god

87
Q

Why is Jerusalem important to Christians?

A

Site of the passion, crucifixion, and resurrection of Jesus

88
Q

How does religion pay an important role in the conflicts ongoing in the Middle East today?

A

Just as Christians want to spread their religion, so do many other religions. Every religion has extremist groups, and ISIS is one of said groups for Muslims. etc etc

89
Q

Which peninsula consists of Norway and Sweden?

A

Scandinavia

90
Q

Which peninsula contains the countries Spain and Portugal?

A

Iberian

91
Q

Which peninsula consists of the countries of Albania, Greece, and Romania?

A

Balkan

92
Q

Which peninsula is made up of the country of Denmark?

A

Jutland

93
Q

What is the most important river in Eastern Europe?

A

Danube

94
Q

What is the most important river in Western Europe?

A

Rhines

95
Q

Which wind brings cold air to southern France?

A

Mistral

96
Q

Which wind brings hot air from the North African deserts of Libya?

A

Siroccos

97
Q

Where is the Black Forest?

A

Germany

98
Q

Which religion do the Swedes share?

A

Lutheran

99
Q

Which ethnic group of Belgium trace their ancestry to the Celts who lived there during the Germanic Invasion?

A

Walloons

100
Q

What is a system in which powerful lords gave lands to nobles in return for pledges of loyalty?

A

Feudalism

101
Q

Where did the industrial Revolution begin?

A

Great Britain

102
Q

Which country became the symbol of the Cold War?

A

Germany

103
Q

Which two civilizations became the model for the western world?

A

Ancient Greece and Rome

104
Q

What is the main problem between the Flemings and the Walloons?

A

language

105
Q

What is the last populated country in Europe? Most populated?

A

Vatican City; Germany

106
Q

What characteristics can define Iceland?

A

Hot springs, geysers, volcanoes

107
Q

Which river connects industrial cities to the busy port of Rotterdam on the North Sea?

A

Rhines

108
Q

Who led the communist world?

A

USSR

109
Q

Where did artists seek influence from during the Renaissance?

A

Ancient Greece and Rome

110
Q

Explain how the ocean currents and wind patterns affect the climate in Europe.

A

Winds from the Atlantic Ocean blow across Northwest Europe, bringing warm air; mistrals from the alps bring cold air to France; sirrocos from Libya blow hot desert wind and dust north.

111
Q

What is communism and how did it come into the scene in Europe?

A

Communism is an economic and political system designed to make classless societies; social problems caused by poorly paid factory workers living in unhealthy conditions.

Geography 2015/16 (10 decks)

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