Chapter One Test Flashcards
What is the difference between a physical map and a political map?
A physical map shows the topography of Earth’s features while a political map shows the boundaries between countries (or states).
What word does geography come from?
Greek “geographia,” means “earth description.”
What does physical geography focus on?
The study of Earth’s physical features.
What does human geography focus on?
Human activities and their relation to cultural and physical environments.
What do geographers do?
They make observations of Earth and its climate, etc.; make maps; interview people to understand human/environment interaction; create statistics to define regions and the like, and use computers to make effective maps, charts, and such.
How far is Earth from the sun?
93,000 miles from the sun
What is Earth’s diameter?
8,000 miles at the equator.
How much of the world is water?
70%
What are the five themes of geography?
Location, place, movement, region, human/environment interaction
What is the hydrosphere?
The water on Earth.
What is the lithosphere?
Earth’s crust, or the land.
What is the highest point on Earth?
Mount Everest in Asia
What is the lowest point on Earth?
The Dead Sea
What is the Mariana Trench?
The deepest part of the ocean.
List the seven continents.
North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia.
What is the water cycle?
Evaporation > Condensation > Precipitation
What is the mantle made of?
Thick rock such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, iron, and magnesium.
How much do plates move in a year?
Four inches.
What are internal forces?
Earthquakes, volcanoes, and tsunamis; all caused by plate shifts.
What are external forces?
Weathering (physical and chemical) and erosion.
Which tropic is in the Northern Hemisphere?
The Tropic of Cancer at 23.5 degrees N.
Which tropic is in the Southern hemisphere?
The Tropic of Capricorn at 23.5 degrees S.
What is Midnight Sun?
When continuous daylight occurs in either the North or South poles.
What are prevailing winds?
Constant wind patterns.
Where are the doldrums and what is unique about them?
The Equator, there are no winds.
What is the El Niño?
Periodic change in the pattern of ocean currents, water temperatures in the mid-Pacific, frequency has increased in the last 100 years.
