Semester- 1 Week- 12 Flashcards
head
cephal/o
cerebellum
cerebell/o
cerebrum
cerebr/o
cranium; skull
crani/o
branching
dendr/o
brain
encephal/o
neuroglia; nerve cell
gli/o
meninges
mening/o
spinal cord (& bone maarrow)
myel/o
nerve
neur/o
few; diminished amount
olig/o
sheath
thec/o
ventricle
ventricul/o
spider
arachn/o
electricity
electr/o
blood
hemat/o
water; fluid
hydr/o
four
quadr/i
clot
thromb/o
lack of; without
an-; a
hard
dura-
sound
echo-
above; upon
epi-
half
hemi-
many
poly-
beneath; below
sub-
pain
-algia
hernia; protrusion
-cele
picture; record
-gram
process of recording
-graphy
inflammation
-itis
softening
malacia
tumor
-oma
condition
-osis
incision into
-(o)tomy
partial paralysis
-paresis
disease
-pathy
paralysis
-plegia
nerves that carry impulses toward the brain
afferent nerves
lower end of the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots; resembles a horses tail
cauda equina
pertaining to the cerebrum
cerebral
pertaining to the cranium or skull and cerebrum
craniocerebral
nerves that carry impulses away form the brain
efferent nerves
above or over the dura mater
epidural
physician who specializes in nervous system diseases
neurologist
medical specialty related to diseases and disorders of the nervous system
neurology
surgeon who specializes in surgical techniques related to the nervous system
neurosurgeon
surgical specialty related to diseases and disorders of the nervous system; any nervous system surgery
neurosurgery
network of interwoven nerves
plexus
beneath or below the arachnoid membrane
subarachnoid
beneath or below the dura mater
subdural
small hollow or space within the brain that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid
ventricle
inflammation of the brain
encephalitis
softening of brain tissue
encephalomalacia
any disease of the brain
encephalopathy
a swelling or mass of blood between the cranium and dura mater that applies pressure on the brain tissue in the affected area
epidural hematoma
recurring episodes of excessive or irregular electrical activity of the central nervous system; commonly called seizures
epilepsy
malignant tumor of the neuroglial cells
glioma
disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system, causing tingling and weakness in both legs; the weakness and abnormal sensations can travel to the arms and other areas of the body resulting in partial or total paralysis; in severe cases, the inflammation can affect respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure
gullain- Barre syndrome
partial paralysis
hemiparesis
paralysis of one side of the body
hemiplegia
abnormal accumulation of the cerebrospinal fluid around the brain, often causing swelling of the head; commonly called “water on the brain”
hydrocephalus
genetic disorder characterized by progressive, irreversible degeneration of cerebral neurons that results in uncontrolled movements, loss of intellectual capabilities, and emotional disturbances; also called Huntington’s chorea
Huntington’s disease
slow-growth tumor of the meninges of the brain, primarily from the arachnoid membrane
meningioma
infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain or spinal cord (meninges); may be bacterial or viral and is characterized by severe headache, vomiting and pain and stiffness on the neck
meningitis
herniation of the meninges through a hole in the skull or vertebral column
meningomyelocele
degenerative inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that attacks the myelin sheath of the spina cord and brain, resulting in hardening and scarring
multiple sclerosis
abnormal softening of the spinal cord
myelomalacia
severe sharp pain of a nerve or along the course of a nerve
neuralgia
inflammation of the neve or nerves
neuritis
highly malignant tumor composed of cells derived from embryonic neural tissue; usually occurs in young children
neuroblastoma
any disease of the nerve
neuropathy
paralysis of the lower half of the body, including the legs
paraplegia
chronic, progressive nervous disease characterized by tremor, muscular weakness, and rigidity
parkinson’s disease
infectious viral disease that affects the motor (efferent) neurons of the brain and spinal cord, resulting in muscle paralysis and wasting
poliomyelitis
inflammation of many nerves or nerve fibers
polyneuritis
slow, progressive weakening of muscles that occurs in approximately 25% of poliomyelitis survivors 20-30 years after the initial illness
postpolio syndrome
paralysis of all four limbs, usually resulting from a spinal cord injury
quadriplegia
acute encephalopathy following an acute viral infection
Reye’s syndrome
severe pain along the course of the sciatic nerve, from the back of the thigh and down the inside of the leg
sciatica
excessive irregular electrical activity of the central nervous system associated with epilepsy
seizure
acute viral infection characterized by an inflammation of ta spinal or cranial nerve pathway that produces painful vesicular eruptions on the skin
shingles; herpes zoster
collection of blood below the dura mater and above the arachnoid membrane, usually the result of a closed head injury
subdural hematoma
loss of consciousness due to a lack of blood supply to the brain; fainting
syncope
temporary interference or interruption of the blood supply to a portion of the brain
transient ischemic attach (TIA)
severe pain that radiates along the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) and usually affects one side of the head and face
trigeminal neuralgia; tic douloureaux
