sem 2- week 8 - Friday Flashcards
What verb tense is used to express a polite request or advice?
Could you tell me the time? (Polite request)
If I were in your place, I would study more. (Polite advice)
Conditional tense (Condicional simple)
¿Podría decirme la hora? (Polite request)
Yo, en tu lugar, estudiaría más. (Polite advice)
How do you say “Perhaps” in Spanish, and what are the two possible structures?
Back: Quizá / Quizás
With subjunctive → Less probability (Quizás estén en el cine.)
With indicative → More probability (Quizás están en el cine.)
Maybe
Tal vez
Probably
Probablemente
When do you use future simple for probability?
Right now, they are probably eating at the restaurant.
Back: To make hypotheses about the present
Ahora estarán comiendo en el restaurante.
When do you use conditional simple for probability?
They were probably very tired yesterday.
To make hypotheses about the past
Ayer estarían muy cansados.
When do you use future perfect (futuro compuesto) for probability?
They must have woken up late today.
To make hypotheses about a recent past action
Hoy se habrán levantado tarde.
How do you form the future perfect tense?
I will have studied.
Futuro de “haber” + past participle
Yo habré estudiado.
Choose the correct form:
¿Dónde está Juan? No sé, __________ (estar) en la biblioteca.
Estará (Future simple for probability in the present.)
Choose the correct form:
¿Por qué no me contestó Pedro ayer? No sé, pero __________ (estar) ocupado.
Estaría (Conditional simple for probability in the past.)
How do you say “They are probably at the library” using future simple?
Estarán en la biblioteca.
How do you say “They must have gone to the pub after lunch” using future perfect?
Habrán ido al pub después de comer.
How do you say “They probably went out last night” using conditional simple?
Saldrían ayer por la noche.
Complete the hypothesis:
Tu profesor no ha aparecido en toda la semana. (Express a probability using conditional simple)
He was probably sick.
Estaría enfermo.
Complete the hypothesis:
No encuentras la llave del hotel. (Express a probability using future perfect)
I must have left it in the room.
La habré dejado en la habitación.
Complete the hypothesis:
Nadie en tu familia se ha acordado de tu cumpleaños. (Use conditional simple)
They were probably busy.
Estarían ocupados.
Choose the correct form:
Tu amigo no ha respondido a tus mensajes. (Use future perfect to express probability)
He must have been busy.
Habrá estado ocupado.
How do you express certainty about an event using the future?
Use indicative instead of probability structures
What are the three main tenses used for expressing probability?
Future simple → Present probability (Estará en casa.)
Future perfect → Recent past probability (Se habrá ido.)
Conditional simple → Past probability (Estaría cansado.)
Complete the hypothesis:
Has enviado 10 CVs, pero nadie ha respondido. (Use conditional simple)
They were probably not interested.
No estarían interesados.
Conjugate the verb “haber” in the future perfect (futuro compuesto).
Yo → habré
Tú → habrás
Él/Ella/Usted → habrá
Nosotros/as → habremos
Vosotros/as → habréis
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes → habrán
(Used for hypotheses about a recent past event. Example: “Habrá llegado tarde.” – He must have arrived late.)
Conjugate the verb “estar” in the conditional simple.
Yo → estaría
Tú → estarías
Él/Ella/Usted → estaría
Nosotros/as → estaríamos
Vosotros/as → estaríais
Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes → estarían
Why are -ADO and -IDO endings relevant?
They are used to form the futuro compuesto (future perfect), which expresses hypotheses about recent past actions.
Structure: Haber (future) + past participle (-ADO / -IDO)
Habrá comido (He/she must have eaten)
Habrán estudiado (They must have studied)
