sem 2- week 5 Flashcards
What is the “se” passive structure?
Cars are sold here.
The “se” passive is used to describe an action without mentioning the doer. The verb agrees with the noun. Example: Se venden coches aquí. (Cars are sold here.)
What is the “se” impersonal structure?
One lives well in Spain.
The “se” impersonal is used when there is no specific subject.
The verb is always in third-person singular.
Se vive bien en España.
How do you form the “se” passive with a singular noun?
It is cooked the rice on low heat
Use se + third-person singular verb when the noun is singular.
Se cocina el arroz a fuego lento.
How do you form the “se” passive with a plural noun?
Fresh fruits are sold.
Use se + third-person plural verb when the noun is plural.
Se venden frutas frescas.
What are some common cooking verbs in the “se” passive form?
cut, fried, baked, mixed, boiled, served
- Se corta (is cut)
- Se fríe (is fried)
- Se hornea (is baked)
- Se mezcla (is mixed)
- Se hierve (is boiled)
- Se sirve (is served)
How do you say “Chop the onions” using “se” passive?
Se cortan las cebollas.
How do you say “The ingredients are mixed”?
Se mezclan los ingredientes.
How do you say “The cake is baked at 180°C”?
Se hornea el pastel a 180°C.
How do you say “Breakfast is served at 8 AM”?
Se sirve el desayuno a las 8 AM.
How do you say “Spanish is spoken in many countries”?
Se habla español en muchos países.
How do you say “Tickets are sold online”?
Se venden entradas en línea.
How do you say “One should eat healthy food”?
Se debe comer comida saludable.
What are some useful expressions for ordering food?
I would like a coffee, please.
What do you recommend?
Can you bring me the bill, please?
Quisiera un café, por favor
¿Qué me recomienda?
¿Me trae la cuenta, por favor?
What expressions might a waiter use?
What will you take?
Anything else?
For dessert?
¿Qué va a tomar?
¿Algo más?
¿De postre?
Cuando llegué a casa, mi hermano ya _______ (salir).
past perfect
Cuando llegué a casa, mi hermano ya había salido.
Antes de ir a la universidad, yo nunca _______ (vivir) solo.
(past perfect)
Antes de ir a la universidad, yo nunca había vivido solo.
Cuando llegamos al restaurante, ya _______ (cerrar) la cocina.
Cuando llegamos al restaurante, ya habían cerrado la cocina.
Antes de aprender español, nunca _______ (probar) la paella
Antes de aprender español, nunca había probado la paella.
What is the simple future tense used for in Spanish?
It is used to talk about future events, predictions, and possibilities. Example: Mañana hará sol. (Tomorrow it will be sunny.)
How do you form the simple future tense?
I will travel to Spain
Add these endings to the infinitive: -é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án. Example: Yo viajaré a España. (I will travel to Spain.)
What are the irregular verbs in the future tense?
tener → tendré
poder → podré
hacer → haré
decir → diré
venir → vendré
poner → pondré
salir → saldré
How do you say “I will work tomorrow”?
Trabajaré mañana.
How do you say “We will go to the beach”?
Future perfect
Iremos a la playa.
How do you say “Will you come to the party?”
future perfect
¿Vendrás a la fiesta?
How do you say “They will not have time”?
No tendrán tiempo.
How do you say “There will be a lot of people at the concert”?
Future perfect
Habrá mucha gente en el concierto.
What is the structure for “Si” (if) + present tense?
If it rains, I don’t go out.
Si + present tense is used for real, likely conditions.
Example: Si llueve, no salgo.
What is the structure for “Si” (if) + future tense?
If you study, you will pass.
Si + present + future is used for likely future events.
Si estudias, aprobarás.
What is the structure for “Si” (if) + imperative?
If you feel bad, go to the doctor.
Si + present + imperative is used to give advice.
Si te sientes mal, ve al médico.
(ve is imperative form of go)
If you eat a lot, you will feel sick
Si comes mucho, te sentirás mal.
How do you say “If you don’t sleep well, don’t drive”?
Si no duermes bien, no conduzcas.
The verb conducir (to drive) in the negative imperative for “tú” changes to “no conduzcas” instead of just “no conduces.
How do you say “If we leave early, we will arrive on time”?
Si salimos temprano, llegaremos a tiempo.
How do you say “If you need help, call me”?
Si necesitas ayuda, llámame.
How do you say “If you don’t study, you won’t pass”?
Si no estudias, no aprobarás.
How do you say “If you want to learn Spanish, practice every day”?
Si quieres aprender español, practica todos los días.
How do you say “If it’s cold, I won’t go out”?
Si hace frío, no saldré.
What is the Simple Future tense in Spanish?
The Simple Future (Futuro Simple) expresses actions that will happen in the future.
How do you form the Simple Future tense?
Infinitive + endings (-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án).
Give an example sentence using the Simple Future.
Tomorrow, I will study for the exam.
Mañana estudiaré para el examen. (Tomorrow, I will study for the exam.)
When do we use the Simple Future tense?
To talk about events that will happen in the future.
What is the Near Future tense in Spanish?
The Near Future (Futuro Próximo) expresses actions that are about to happen.
Ir + a + infinitive
I am going to
How do you form the Near Future tense?
Ir + a + infinitive.
Give an example sentence using the Near Future tense.
(I am going to travel to Spain next year.)
Voy a viajar a España el próximo año. (I am going to travel to Spain next year.)
When do we use the Near Future tense?
For planned or imminent actions.
What is the Future Perfect tense in Spanish?
“will have”
habré
habrás
habrá
habremos
habréis
habrán
How do you form the Future Perfect tense?
Haber (future) + past participle.
Give an example sentence using the Future Perfect tense.
By Monday, I will have finished the project.
Para el lunes, habré terminado el proyecto.
By Monday, I will have finished the project.
When do we use the Future Perfect tense?
For completed actions before a certain point in the future.
What is the Future of Probability in Spanish?
The Future of Probability (Futuro de Probabilidad) expresses probability or speculation.
-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án
How do you form the Future of Probability?
Same as the Simple Future: Infinitive + endings.
Give an example sentence using the Future of Probability (future).
Where could Juan be? He’s probably at home.
¿Dónde estará Juan? Estará en su casa.
When do we use the Future of Probability?
For uncertain or speculative actions in the present or future.
What is an example of a ‘Si’ clause with the Future tense?
If you study more, you will get a good grade.
Si estudias más, sacarás una buena nota.
How does the Future tense work with ‘Cuando’?
When the meeting ends, I will call you.
Cuando termine la reunión, te llamaré.
How does the Future tense work with ‘Mientras’?
(While you cook, I will set the table.)
Mientras tú cocines, yo pondré la mesa.
Give an example of the Future tense used in formal commands.
You shall not steal.
No robarás.
Haber conjugation for future perfect
Haber (future) + past participle (-ado/-ido)
habré
habrás
habrá
habremos
habréis
habrán
I am eating
estoy comiendo
“Present progressive tense”
used for actions currently doing
estar + ando/iendo
I am speaking
estoy hablando
Future probability
I wonder where Juan is
“Where will Juan be?”
¿Dónde estará Juan?
Future probability
You must be very sleepy
“You will have a lot of sleepiness.”
Tendrás mucho sueño.
Future probability
It’s probably five in the afternoon.
“It will be five in the afternoon.”
Serán las cinco de la tarde.
Future probability
It is probably raining in Madrid.
“It will be raining in Madrid.”
Estará lloviendo en Madrid.
