SEM 1 - A - Intro and Terminology - Planes, Movememnts and Joints

Question 1

What is the anterior surface of the hand, foot, wrist and tongue known as?

Answer 1

Hand - palmar surface Foot - dorsum of the foot Wrist - volar aspect of the wrist Tongue - ventral aspect of the tongue

Question 2

State another 2 words for superior? State another word for inferior?

Answer 2

Superior: Cranial and rostral Inferior: Caudal

Question 3

What is the first digit of both the hands and feet?

Answer 3

Thumb (pollicis) is the first digit in the hand Big toe (hallux) is the first digit of the foot

Question 4

What do these planes separate the body into: Coronal? Saggital? Horizontal? (name the other term for horizontal) Paramedian siggital?

Answer 4

Coronal plane - front and back Saggital plane - left and right Horizontal or transverse plane - superior and inferior Paramedian saggital plane - this is a saggital section that is not down the midline

Question 5

What does anterior movement above the knee result in? What does anterior movement below the knee result in?

Answer 5

Anterior movement above the knee results in flexion Anterior movement below the knee results in extension

Question 6

What occurs during pronation and supination of the forearm?

Answer 6

Pronation - radius rotates over the ulna so that the palms are facing the floor Supination - the radius and ulna become parallel - remember soup for supinate ie cupping for soup - palms face the sky

Question 7

What movements must a joint be able to carry out to circumduct?

Answer 7

A joint must be able to flex, extend, abduct and adduct to be able to circumduct

Question 8

What is the opposite of retraction of the mandible? What movement is retraction of the mandible?

Answer 8

Retraction of the mandible is when the lower jaw is brought backward Protraction is the opposite and it is when the lower jaw is brought forward Elevation of the mandible is when it moves superiorly Depression of the mandible is when it moves inferiorly

Question 9

Thumb Opposition refers to the ability to turn and. rotate the thumb so that it can touch each fingertip. of the same hand. This allows us to grasp objects of. various sizes and operate tools Which muscle allows for opposition of the thumb and what nerve supplies this muscle? What is this muscles attachments?

Answer 9

Opponens pollicis supplied by the recurrent branch of the median nerve (C8,T1) Attaches from the trapezium to the base of the 1st metacarpal - Opposition at 1st CMC joint

Question 10

What are the three types of joints and which is the least mobile?

Answer 10

Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial joints

Question 11

Name the three types of fibrous joint?

Answer 11

Fibrous joint - Suture - only found in the skull Syndesmoses Gomphosis - roots of teeth into their socket are only example

Question 12

Name two types of cartilagenous joints for both primary and secondary cartilagenous joints?

Answer 12

Primary cartilagenous joints - 1st rib and epiphyseal plates Secondary cartilagenous joints - pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs

Question 13

Name all the types of synovial joints? Synovial joints are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones.

Answer 13

Plane Saddle Condyloid aka ellipsoidal Hinge Ball and socket Pivot

Question 14

What type of joint is a facet joint? What is another name for a facet joint? What articulation forms a facet joint?

Answer 14

Facet joint is a plane synovial joint The facet joint is also known as a zygapophyseal joint The joint is the result of articulation between the superior articular surface of a vertebra and the inferior articular surface of the vertebra above