Non experimental-Self Reports Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by a self report technique?

A

Any method where a person is asked to describe their own feelings, opinions and behaviours on a topic

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2
Q

What is a questionnaire?

A

A set of pre written questions asking participants about their thoughts and feelings

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3
Q

What are the 2 styles of questionnaires?

A

Open
Closed

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4
Q

What are open questions?

A

No restriction on how to answer, ppt will answer in their own words

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5
Q

What type of data do open questions produce?

A

qualitative- detailed, harder to analyse

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6
Q

What are closed questions?

A

Limited set of answers (yes or no, tick, rating)

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7
Q

What type of data do closed questions produce

A

Quantitative- lacks depth, easy to analyse

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of closed questions?

A

Liket scale
Rating scale
Fixed choice

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9
Q

What are liket scale questions?

A

measure level of agreement to a statement

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10
Q

What are rating scale questions?

A

Giving a numerical rating to a statement

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11
Q

What are fixed choice questions?

A

Ppt choose from a range of options

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12
Q

What is a strength of using open questions?

A

Provides full in depth detail

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13
Q

What’s a limitation of using open questions?

A

Difficult to compare one answer to another

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14
Q

What’s a strength of using closed questions?

A

Allow comparisons to be made between answers easily

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15
Q

What’s a limitation of using closed questions?

A

PPT are unable to answer how they want

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16
Q

What are 2 strengths of using questionnaires?

A

they’re cost effective as data can be collected cheaply (Eg. Digitally)

If closed questions the data can be easily analysed and comparisons between groups can be made

17
Q

What is a limitation of using questionnaires?

A

Response bias- type of people who answer the questionnaire so may be unrepresentative
Self insight- people believe they’re better than they are so answer dishonestly

18
Q

What is social desirability bias?

A

A type of demand characteristic where ppt want to portray the self or be viewed in a positive way

19
Q

What is meant by acquiescence bias in self report studies?

A

Where ppt are more likely to blindly agree than blindly disagree with information

20
Q

What is an interview?

A

A live encounter where an interviewer asks a set of questions to a single ppt about their thoughts on a topic

21
Q

Explain why using interviews rather than questionnaires may be a better method for some types of research?

A

Because the interviewee is able to ask follow up questions which isnt as easy in questionairres

22
Q

What is an unstructured interview?

A

Where the interviewer guides choice of topic and has an idea of what they want to find out with no list of pre determined questions

23
Q

What is a strength and limitation of unstructured interviews?

A

A- provides rich data as interviewer can ask follow up gain more detailed answers
D- it’s hard to make comparisons between answers as not all ppt are asked the same questions

24
Q

What is a semi structured interview?

A

List of questions that have been set in advance in an expected order but there’s freedom to ask follow up questions

25
What is a structured interview?
A list of pre determined questions that make up the interview
26
What is a strength and limitation of structured interviews?
A- Easy to replicate and compare answers as a standardised format is used D- Interviewee cannot ask follow up questions so cannot find in depth infomation
27
Suggest how investigator bias may be reduced in interviews
Standardise all questions and have independent researchers carry out the interview rather than the main researcher
28
What 4 things should interviewers avoid in questionnaires and interviews?
Over use of jargon (specialised lang) Use of emotive language Double barrelled questions Leading questions