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Psychology research methods > Experimental design > Flashcards

Experimental design Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 experimental designs?

A

Independent groups
Repeated measures
Matched pairs

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2
Q

What are Independent groups?

A

Different participants are used for the 2 conditions of the IV

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3
Q

What are repeated measures?

A

The same participants are used for both conditions of the IV

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4
Q

What are matched pairs?

A

Different participants used for the 2 conditions but grouped by similar characteristics

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5
Q

What are 2 strengths of Independent groups?

A
  1. No order effects
  2. Reduced demand characteristics
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6
Q

What are 2 limitations of Independent groups?

A
  1. Participant variables
  2. More ppt needed
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7
Q

What are 2 strengths of repeated measures?

A
  1. Less ppt needed
  2. No participant variables
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8
Q

What are 2 limitations of repeated measures?

A
  1. Order effects
  2. Demand characteristics likely
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9
Q

What are 3 strengths of matched pairs?

A
  1. No order effects
  2. No participant variables
  3. Demand characteristics not likely
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10
Q

What is 1 limitation of matched pairs?

A
  1. Pre tests may be needed which are expensive and time-consuming
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11
Q

What is an extraneous variable?

A

Variables apart from the IV that may affect DV if not controlled

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12
Q

What is a confounding variable?

A

Variables apart from the IV that have affected the DV

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of extraneous variables?

A
  1. Participant variables
  2. Situational variables
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14
Q

What are demand characteristics?

A

When participants guess the aim of the study

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15
Q

What are order effects?

A

When participants do better/worse the second time

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16
Q

What are investigator effects?

A

Anything the researcher does to influence the outcome
eg- body lang

17
Q

What is randomization?

A

Use of chance to reduce effects of bias

18
Q

What is standardization?

A

Where all participants are treated the same way

19
Q

What does random allocation reduce?

A

Participant variables
(independent groups)

20
Q

What is the procedure of random allocation?

A

Give each participant a number and use the random generator to group, 1st half does one condition, 2nd half does other condition

21
Q

What does counterbalancing reduce?

A

Probability of order effects

22
Q

What is the procedure of counterbalancing?

A
  1. Divide the participant sample in half
  2. 1st half does conditions in one order and 2nd half does in reverse order

Psychology research methods (4 decks)

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