Self-Management Flashcards
Self-Control (Skinner)
A two-response phenomenon;
A controlling response affects variables in such a way as to change the probability of the other, the controlled response
Self-Management
the personal application of bx change tactics that produce a desired change in bx
also used to refer to a person’s ability to delay gratification
Uses of Self-Management
1) live a more effective and quality life
2) break bad habits and acquire good ones
3) accomplish difficult tasks
4) achieve personal lifestyle goals
Advantages of Learning Self-Management Skills
1) Can influence bxs not accessible to external change events
2) External change agents often miss importance instances of bx
3) Can promote generalization and maintenance of bx change
4) A small repertoire of self-management skills can control many bxs
5) People with good self-management skills contribute to more effective and efficient group environments
6) Self-management is the ultimate goal of education and benefits society
Antecedent-Based Self-Management Tatcics
1) Manipulate Mo’s to make a desired behavior (or undesired) behavior more (or less likely). eg. eating before you shop at the grocery store
2) Provide response prompts e.g., sticky note on door to avoid forgetting
3) Perform initial steps of a behavior chain. e.g., place file at door.
4) Remove material required for an undesired behavior, e.g., clearing pantry of goodies
5) Limiting undesired behavior to restricted stimulus conditions, e.g., snacking at the kitchen table only.
6) Dedicate a specific environment for a behavior, e.g., study in office, craft else where.
Self-Monitoring
Procedure whereby a person observes his behavior systematically and records occurrences and nonoccurrences of the target behavior.
Difficult to determine exactly how it works bc the procedure necessarily includes, and is therefore confounded by, covert bx
Self-Evaluation
Comparison of a person’s performance by himself with a predetermined goal or standard.
Involves self monitoring with goal setting
Also called ‘self assessment’
Self-Monitoring with Reinforcement
Reinforcement package included for achieving self selected or teacher selected goals.
Self Monitoring works because:
Person evokes self evaluative statements that serve either as reinforcement for desired behaviors or as punishment for undesired behaviors.
Accuracy in Self-Monitoring
Neither necessary nor sufficient to achieve improvement in the occurrence of the target bx
Guidelines for Self-Monitoring
1) Provide guidelines that make self-monitoring quick and easy
2) Provide supplemental prompts or cues
3) Self-monitor the most important dimensions of the bx
4) Self-monitor early and often, but do not interrupt the flow of a bx targeted for increase
5) Reinforce accurate self-monitoring
Self-Administered Consequences
Performance management contingencies are best viewed as rule governed analogs of reinforcement and punishment contingencies.
Self administered consequences that increase desired behavior are self management analogs of R+ and R-
Self administered consequences that decrease undesired behavior are self-management analogs of P+ and P-
Recommendations for Self-Administered Consequences
- Select small, easy to deliver consequences
- Select a meaningful but easy to meet criterion for reinforcement
- Eliminate bootleg reinforcement
- Put someone else in control of delivering the consequences
- Use the least complicated and intrusive contingencies that will be effective
Self-Instruction
Talking to oneself
Can function as controlling responses (verbal mediators) that affect the occurrence of other bxs
Habit Reversal
Typically implemented as a multiple-component treatment package involving self-awareness, competing response training, and motivation techniques
Clients are taught to self-monitor their unwanted habits and interrupt the bx change as early as possible by engaging in a bx incompatible with the problem bx
Systematic Desensitization
A bx therapy treatment for anxiety, fears and phobias
Involves substituting one behavior (generally muscle relaxation) for the unwanted behavior (fear/anxiety)
