Self & Identity Flashcards
Problem 2
individual self
based on personal traits
collective self
based on group membership
relational self
based on connections
looking-glass self
the self derived from seeing ourselves as others see us
private self
your private thoughts, feelings and attitudes
deindividuation
people lose their sense of socialized individual identity, engage in unsocialized, often antisocial, behaviors
self-discrepancy theory
actual self = how we currently are
ideal self = how we would like to be
ought self = how we think we should be
self-regulation
we use to match our behavior to an ideal or “ought” standard
regulatory focus theory
promotion system = attainment of hopes, ideals; find new challenges
prevention system = avoid new situations; people & failure
self-perception theory
we gain knowledge of ourselves only by making self-attributions: for example, we infer our own attitudes from our own behavior
overjustification effect
in absence of obvious external determinants of our behavior, we assume that we freely chose the behavior because we enjoy it
self-evaluation maintenance model
underplay or deny similarity to the target; withdraw from their relationship with the target
social identity
part of the self-concept that derives from membership in social groups
personal identity
the self defined in terms of unique personal attributes or interpersonal relationships
actor-observer effect
tendency to attribute our own behaviors externally and others’ internally
