Self Efficacy Flashcards
What is confidence in sport?
Is a ‘Belief in your ability to master a specific situation’.
According to Vealey, what is confidence based on ?
- Personality – your level of competitiveness and achievement motivation
- Experience – your amount of past success on the task and your belief in your ability to succeed in future.
- Situation – playing at home or away, for example.
Competitive Orientation =
= how much a performer is drawn to challenging situations
Objective Sporting Situation =
= The performance is a combination of the type of skill
What is Vealey’s Model of Self Confidence?
■ Looks at the influence of State confidence, Trait confidence, the Situation and the Competitive Orientation
■ It was then suggested that state and trait confidence combine to produce confidence in an Objective Sporting Situation.
■ If it is a skill that you have completed successfully in the past both State and Trait confidence will be high but the Objective Sporting Situation takes into account the conditions and the crowd or pressure
■ The performer then evaluates the result of the performance
■ The player then makes a judgement of how well they did, taking into account the Objective sporting situation eg I
crossed well today especially with the wind
■ The result from that judgement may lead to improved confidence and a good Competitive orientation
■ This means that the performer is prepared to try hard in most sporting situations and develops characteristics of approach behaviour. This means confidence gained in one area of sport may improve confidence in a different sporting activity
■ The judgement is known as the Subjective Outcome. If this is good then trait confidence and competitive orientation increase but if the subjective outcome is bad then both decrease
How does the Competitive Sporting Situation affect confidence?
• Combines the skill being performed with the situation it is performed in • A previously successful skill increases confidence
• A familiar situation such as playing at home increases confidence
• Allows performer to evaluate outcome
• Can increase confidence for next performance • Maintains effort and task persistence
What is Bandura’s theory of self efficacy: confidence ?
High Self Efficacy increases task persistence and motivation.
Define self efficacy.
A belief in the ability to master a sporting situation.
What are the four factors affecting confidence ?
- Performance accomplishments – what you have done before.
- Vicarious experience – seeing others (models) do it. Most effective if of a similar ability- allows modelling and copying to occur
- Verbal persuasion – reinforcement and encouragement. Most effective from significant others
- Emotional arousal – A perception of the effects of anxiety on performance
How can you Improve Confidence with Performance accomplishments?
• Set realistic/ attainable goals, develop when required
• Allow success in training (early)
• Set goals on performance not outcome
• Point out past successful performances
How can you Improve Confidence with Vicarious experience?
• Show accurate demonstrations using attainable role models
• Allows modelling/ copying to occur
• Builds confidence by seeing a successful
performance
• More effective if performer is of similar
ability
How can you Improve Confidence with verbal persuasion ?
• Avoid social comparison
• Coach one on one
• Use rewards
• Give reinforcement and praise
• Give support and encouragement
• Attribute success internally- to the athlete
How can you Improve Confidence with emotional arousal ?
• Stress Management techniques to control Arousal
• Use mental practice, visualisation or imagery
• Some factors can fit in other boxes.
What is home field advantage ?
Can cause different positive and negative responses in both teams.
The effects of Homefield advantage are bigger if the crowd are close to the pitch, if the crowd is big and more supportive.
What are the advantage of home field advantages to the home team ?
Home crowd support and encouragement
Familiar environment leads to optimal arousal
Support increases Confidence
Support increases Motivation
Social Facilitation
Functional Assertive Behaviour- (more assertion and correct responses)
Can lead to more attacking fluent play and more wins Home crowd pressures the away team (anxiety)
No tiredness from travelling
More success at home- medals at the olympics for hosts
