Self 6 Flashcards
Self-enhancement vs. Self-verification: Which is stronger?
- Meta-analysis (Kwang & Swann)
- Compared effect size for self-enhancement to effect size for self-verification
- -different types of responses
- notebook
which type of effect was stronger? for affective
self-e
which type of effect was stronger? for cognitive
self-v
which type of effect was stronger? for relationship quality
depends on level of rejection risk
is self-e or self-v more strong? for relationship quality– explain
depends on risk of rejection + trait
- strategic self-V (Swann)
- things that are important fo relationships like dating= loving and caring= you want your partner to think positively of you= so you engage in SELF-E
- things that are low in relationship relevance= don’t really focus on being loving and caring anymore when you’re married= so you engage in SELF-V
when rejection risk is: high (ex. dating)=
self-E > self-V
- self-E is more important to us
- we wanna self-E when we’re in short term relationship
when rejection risk is: low (ex. married)=
self-V > self-E
- self-V is more important to us
- we wanna self-V because we wanna be seen accurately from husband
- realistic= so that marriage will work out
whats self-esteem
Global self-esteem: a person’s overall self-evaluation or sense of self-worth
- way you generally feel about yourself
- typically measured using Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale
Correlates of Global Self-esteem: correlated with positive outcomes
- Academic achievement
- Physical health
- MH
correlates of global self-esteem: correlated with negative outcomes
- in domain of interpersonal behaviour= high global SE people think they are more popular, but they aren’t
what are the methodological issues
- Shared method variance
2. Correlation doesn’t imply causation
Shared method variance
- self-esteem and outcome variable= measured using self-report
- when you use objective measures= correlations are lower (Miller)
- ex. physical attractiveness:
self report: r= 0.59
objective report: r= 0.01 - if you’re better looking= you’ll have higher SE
Correlation doesn’t imply causation
- 3rd variable problem– might not be SE at all
- Need experimentation, longitudinal studies
Longitudinal Data
Trzesniewski
- Global self-esteem measured in early adolescence (age 11)
- Age 26, assessed MH, physical health, economic prospects, criminal behaviour
- Results: could predict to certain extent MH, physical health, criminal beh, economic status
- Even when controlling for confounding variables (e.g., depression, SES)
Even for objective measures (e.g., criminal records)
Self-esteem and Antisocial Behaviour: experiment
Baumeister
- said that antisocial behaviour (such as aggression)= NOT associated with low global self-esteem
- Instead, antisocial behaviour is associated with very high self-esteem
- Ego-threat model:
- if you have high SE= will show aggression when self-threatened
- Applies to people who have over-inflated, unjustified views of themselves
Testing the Ego-threat Model:
- Completed measures of narcissism and global self-esteem
- Wrote an essay
- Given bad evaluation of essay (or not):
This is the worst essay I have ever read! vs.
No suggestions, great essay!
- Given opportunity to go against the person who offended them (noise blasts)
- to measure aggression= loudness of noise blast
- Results:
- Narcissism= related to aggression, but only when they have been criticised (when their ego was threatened)
- Global self-E= didn’t predict aggression
- when threatened= narcissism was positively related to aggression
- when praised= there was no relationship between narcissism and aggression
