seizures Flashcards
what is a seizure
synchronous firing of an awake brain
what is the difference between seizures and epilepsy
epilepsy is foundation that predisposes to seizures. thus the brain is setup to seize. a seizure is typically a one time thing
how do we separate seizures
general, complex, atonic, myoclonic
what can cause seizures
vascular, infection, meningitis, trauma, autoimmune, metabolic (glucose, prefusion, electrolytes), ingestion/widthdrawl, neoplasm, psych
(vitamins)
what drugs can cause seizures on withdrawals
alcohol, benzodiazepine
what are the classifications of loss of conscienceness
syncope seizure
what classifies syncope vs seizure
postictal state….slowly come back to reality, groggy. Check for history for of epilepsy.
what can cause an increase in epileptic seizures
VITAMINS
when are seizures serious
if they are more than 5 min, or if they do not return to baseline in 20 min. this is status epilepticus this is a medical emergency
what is the treatment for seizures or status
Benzodiazipines (lorazepam)
what is second line therapy for seizures
fosphentoin
what is third therapy for seizures
medazolam and propofol
what is fourth line therapy for seizures
phenobarbital
how do we deal with seizures
CT/MRI, work up for VITAMINS, if no VITAMINS, then begin valproate, lamotrigine, keppra.
what is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia
carbamezapime
