Brain bleeds Flashcards
epidural hematoma causes
middle meningeal artery dissection. often secondary to temporal bone fracture. t
how do epidural hematomas present
talk and die syndrome. there is a lucid period and then the patient dies. there is rapid expansion under systemic arterial pressure that causes transtentorial herniation and CN III palsy.
what is the lethal consequence of epidural hematoma
transtentorial herniation
what are the imaging results for epidural
biconvex lentiform hyper dense blood collection that does not cross suture lines. can cross the fall tentorium
subdural hematoma causes
rupture of the bridging veins due to blunt trauma and shaken baby syndrome.
what are the common populations for subdural hematoma
elderly, alcoholics and baby.
what are the imaging for subdural
crescent shaped hemorrhage that crosses suture lines. can cause a midline shift. cannot cross the fall or tentorium
subarachnoid hemorrhage causes
rupture of an aneurysm.
populations for subarachnoid
marfans, eher-danlos, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. arteriovenous malformation.
how do subdurals present
slow venous bleeding overtime seen in the elderly, alcoholics or babies that have been shaken. presents as progressive neurological signs, muscle weakness or seizure. anticoagulant meds increase risk.
how do subarachnoid present
worst headache of my life. xanthrochromia on spinal tap.
what do we treat subarachnoid with medically
nimodipine
intraparenchymal hypertensive hemorrhage
most commonly seen in systemic hypertension, amyloid angiopathy, vasculitis, neoplasms.
where do hypertensive hemorrhages occur most often
lenticulostriate vessels.
