Seed Plants: Gymnosperms Flashcards
What is the purpose of seeds in seed plants?
allow embryos to stop clock and germinate after harsh environmental conditions
What is the purpose of fruits in seed plants?
enhanced dispersal of embryos across a broader landscape
T/F Seed plants are ancestors of angiosperms and gymnosperms.
True
What kind of seeds do gymnosperms have?
naked
Where are female cones usually located on gymnosperms?
upper branches where it may be fertilized by pollen blown on the wind from the male cones
Where are male cones usually located on gymnosperms?
lower branches
What happens when a pollen tube forms?
allows pollen to migrate toward the female gametophyte. Upon fertilization, a diploid zygote forms.
T/F Seeds are dispersed and grow into mature trees.
True
What are pollen grains?
male gametophytes (dispersal by wind or pollinator) and moves to egg via pollen tube (no need for water)
What does the female gametophyte form into?
ovule
What are the 4 main phyla of gymnosperms?
Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta
What is an example of the phylum Cycadophyta?
cycads
What is an example of the phylum Gnetophyta?
Ephedra
What is an example of phylum Ginkgophyta?
Ginkgo biloba
T/F Plants in Phylum Cycadophyta do not have sperm with flagella unlike plants in Phylum Ginkgophyta.
False; they both do
