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Geology > Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks > Flashcards

Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks Flashcards

1
Q

Sedimentary in Hot Spring

A

Travertine

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2
Q

Sedimentary in Beach

A

Sandstone; Arkose

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3
Q

Sedimentary in Evaporating Ocean

A

Rock salt; Rock gypsum

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4
Q

Sedimentary in River

A

Conglomerate; Siltstone

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5
Q

Sedimentary in lakes/lagoon

A

Shale

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6
Q

Sedimentary in Reef

A

Fossiliferous Limestone; Coquina

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7
Q

Sedimentary in Deep Ocean

A

Crystalline Limestone

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8
Q

Sedimentary in alluvial fan

A

Breccia

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9
Q

Sedimentary in Swamp

A

Coal

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10
Q

sedimentary in Shallow Marine

A

Oolitic limestone

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11
Q

Clastic Sedimentary

A

gritty; cemented together (except shale)

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12
Q

Chemical sedimentary

A

smooth feel; dissolved; Evaportie; Precpiitates

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13
Q

Bioclastic Sedimentary

A

Living things cemented together

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14
Q

Transgression

A

Sea levels rises; Finer upwards (1. Limestone, 2. Shale, 3. Sandstone)

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15
Q

Regression

A

Sea level drops; Coarser Upwards (1. Sandstone, 2. Shale, 3. Limestone)

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16
Q

4 ways sediment may become lithified into sedimentary rock

A

Compaction; cementation; Precipitation; Evaporation

17
Q

Cross Bedding

A

Result of wind/water changing directions

18
Q

Graded bedding

A

large particles settle out first (deep water)

19
Q

Mud cracks

A

form in alternating wet/dry enviroments

20
Q

Ripple marks

A

Symmetrical: deep water with no current; Assymmetrical: Shallow water or wind- indicated current direction; Sand +Sandstone

21
Q

Varves

A

Dark= Winter (fine); Light= Summer (Coarse); 1 fine + 1 Coarse layers = 1 year

22
Q

Parent of Slate

A

Shale (more dull)

23
Q

Parent of phyllite

A

Slate

24
Q

Parent of schist

A

Phyllite

25
Q

Parent of gneiss

A

Schist or granite

26
Q

Parent rock of jaspillite

A

iron formation

27
Q

Parent rock of quartzite

A

sandstone

28
Q

Parent rock of marble

A

limestone or dolomite

29
Q

Parent rock of hornfels

A

basalt and scoria

30
Q

Parent rock of anthractie

A

coal

31
Q

Parent rock of metaconglomerate

A

conglomerate

32
Q

Pressure

A

Effect: foliation; Cause: Pressure (Plate Collisions)

33
Q

Heat

A

Effect: Larger Crystals; Cause: increaed heat (but not enough to melt)

34
Q

Chemcally active fluids

A

Effect: Chemical change; Cause: Hydrothermal Solution

35
Q

How to Form Igneous Rocks

A

Cooling of Magma/ Lava

36
Q

How to form Sedimentary Rocks

A

From Igneous (Weathering into Sediments than lithification into Sedimentary); From Metamorphic (Exposer to surface- Weathering/Erosion, than lithification)

37
Q

How to form Metamorphic Rocks

A

From Sedimentary (Heat and Pressure from being buried); From Igneous (Heat &/or Pressure)

38
Q

LIthification

A

cementation, precipitation, Evaporation, and compaction

Geology (8 decks)

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