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Geology > Plate Tectonic Review > Flashcards

Plate Tectonic Review Flashcards

1
Q

Evidence supporting contiental drift

A
  1. Shapes of continents fit together; 2. Identical fossils seperated by oceans; 3. Some rock layers match across continents; 4. Glacial evidence in today’s tropical climates
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2
Q

Why was this theory not widely accepted?

A
  1. Wegner didn’t know what moved the plates; 2. Could not describe how continents plow through oceans because no ocean data
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3
Q

Were does “slab pull” occur?

A

Plates pull themselves down at subduction zones due to gravity; Pulling denser ocean plate down; Trenches

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4
Q

Continent-Continent Convergence Volcanism

A

No

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5
Q

Convergence

A

Moving together and compressional stress

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6
Q

Rock type of Continent-Continent

A

Metamorphic

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7
Q

Physical features of C-C convergence

A

Folded mtns

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8
Q

Examples of C-C Convergence

A

Himalayas and Mt. Everest

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9
Q

O-C + O-O Subduction

A

Moving together and compressional stress

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10
Q

O-C + O-O Rock type

A

Igneous (Andesite, Rhyolite, and pumice)

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11
Q

O-C + O-O Valcanism

A

Yes, composite

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12
Q

Physical features of O-C + O-O

A

Island arcs, trenches, + volcanos

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13
Q

Examples of O-C O-O Subduction

A

Mt. St. Helens, Andes Mtns, Japan, and Caribbean Islands

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14
Q

Divergence

A

Moving Apart; Basalt (igneous)

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15
Q

Stress type of divergence

A

sensional stress

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16
Q

Volcanism of divergence

A

Yes, fissure eruptions

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17
Q

Physical features of divergence

A

Ridge

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18
Q

Examples of divergence

A

Mid-Ocean ridge; East African Rift, Red Sea, Yellowstone

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19
Q

Transfomr

A

Strike Slip; N/A

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20
Q

Stress type of transform

A

Shearing Stress

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21
Q

Volcanism of Transform

A

No

22
Q

Physical features of Transform

A

Shallow earthquakes, fault fracture zone

23
Q

Examples of Transform

A

San ANdreas Fault

24
Q

Deascribe how plates move

A

Convection Currents + Slab Pull

25
Q

Convection Currents

A

Hot magma rises + cold magama sinks creating a current

26
Q

Slab Pull

A

Plates pull themseves down at subduction zones due to gravity; Ocean subducts under continent b/c denser –pulls rest of plate with it

27
Q

Describe the fate of California

A

Coast will move North, one day it will have a penisula jutting off of it

28
Q

How do fracture zones form

A

Along divergent boundaries; Plates moving at different speeds and plate rips; Exception– San Andreas

29
Q

How are continental shelves reltated to plate tectonics?

A

They are not related at all; Continental shelves are due to erosion

30
Q

Speed of plate movement

A

Speed = Distance/ Year

31
Q

New Post- Wegner discoveries that helped support Wegner’s idea of plate tectonics

A
  1. Ocean Floor Evidence; 2. Pattern of Earthquakes Ouline edges of plates
32
Q

ocean Floor Evidence

A

Ocean floor is not flat; Zebra stripes on ocean floor formed together; Ocean crust is younger than continental

33
Q

Pattern of Earthquakes

A

Outline edges of plates; Shows that a plate can be ocean/continent combo

34
Q

Lithosphere

A

outer layer of curst; Ridgid; Made up of ridgid upper mantle and crust

35
Q

Asthenosphere

A

Flows/fluid; Lower mantle; Contains convections currents

36
Q

Tectonic plate

A

Made up of ridgid upper mantle and crust; Lithosphere and upper asthenophere

37
Q

Volcanos don’t form at…

A

Transform boundaries

38
Q

Himalayas

A

Convergent of Australia Plate w/ Eurasia

39
Q

San Andreas Fault

A

Transfomr Fault; N. American + Pacific Plate

40
Q

Andes Mountains

A

Convergent Plate of Nazca + South American Plate

41
Q

Mt. St. Helens

A

Convergent of Juan De Fuca + North American Plate

42
Q

Mid Atlantic Ridge

A

Divergent of North American + Eurasia

43
Q

Mariana Trench

A

Ocean- Ocean Convergence of Pacific Plate + Phillipne Plate

44
Q

Red Sea

A

Divergent of Arabia Plate + African Plate

45
Q

Iceland

A

Ocean Divergent of N. American andn Eurasian Plate

46
Q

Crust

A

Ridgid/ Rocky; Si, O2

47
Q

Outer Core

A

Liquid Iron

48
Q

Mantle

A

Magma; Flowing solid of Ca, Fe

49
Q

Inner Core

A

Solid Iron

50
Q

How does outer core produce magnetic field

A

Due to currents created from outer core

Geology (8 decks)

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