Section 9: Ramp Procedures, Passenger Safety and Briefing Flashcards
Who is responsible for passenger safety while boarding and leaving the aircraft?
The PIC (Pilot in Command) is responsible for passenger safety while boarding and leaving the aircraft.
This includes safety when on the ramp.
True or False: The company has ramp agents responsible for passenger safety.
False.
The absence of ramp agents places the responsibility on the PIC.
What should passengers be directed to avoid while on the ramp?
Ground vehicles, aircraft servicing equipment, other taxiing aircraft, propellers, rotors, jet intakes/exhausts, ice/snow, tripping hazards
It is crucial to maintain safety and prevent accidents on the ramp.
What should passengers be cautioned against doing on the ramp?
Smoking
Smoking poses a fire hazard and is strictly prohibited during boarding and deplaning.
What weather conditions require extra caution when guiding passengers?
Rainy weather
Passengers may hurry and not pay attention, increasing the risk of accidents.
When should passengers not be loaded onto an aircraft?
During severe weather conditions such as high winds, very low visibility, or thunderstorms within three miles of the airport
Lightning can strike even without clouds directly overhead.
Who is responsible for guiding passengers to the gate or aircraft?
PIC (Pilot in Command) or SIC (Second in Command)
Their presence is essential for passenger safety.
What methods can be used to ensure proper passenger guidance?
- Guiding by PIC or SIC
- Placing traffic cones on the ramp
- Using painted lines (unlikely for General Aviation operations)
These methods help direct passengers and prevent straying.
What special attention should be given to certain passengers?
Handicapped persons
They may require additional assistance for safety.
What incident illustrates the danger of loading passengers with an engine running?
A passenger walked into a rotating prop while trying to find the door
This emphasizes the importance of ensuring engines are off during loading and unloading.
What age groups may become confused by ramp activity?
The very young and the very old
Their confusion can create hazards for themselves and others.
Fill in the blank: Never load or unload passengers with an engine _______.
running
This is a critical safety measure to prevent accidents.
Are ramp vehicles allowed to cross in the path occupied by passengers?
No, ramp vehicles of any kind are not allowed to cross in the path that is occupied by passengers.
This rule is in place to ensure passenger safety.
How should ramp vehicles be parked in relation to passenger paths?
Ramp vehicles should never be parked in such a way that they intrude or block the passenger path in any way.
Proper parking of ramp vehicles helps maintain clear access for passengers.
What should you not do regarding intoxicated passengers?
Do not board intoxicated persons.
What types of passengers should not be boarded?
Intoxicated, unusually hostile, or unruly persons.
Who may be considered a problem passenger?
The problem passenger may not necessarily be the overtly hostile one.
When is the best time to resolve issues with problem passengers?
On the ground, not in the air.
True or False: Problem passengers are always overtly hostile.
False
Fill in the blank: The time to resolve issues with problem passengers is on the _______.
ground
What is the company’s policy regarding carrying handicapped passengers?
The company will endeavor to carry any passenger without discrimination as long as the safety of flight is not endangered.
Under what conditions can handicapped passengers who require special attention be accepted?
They cannot be accepted unless accompanied by an attendant.
What is the requirement for handicapped passengers who cannot remain seated with a seat belt fastened?
They will not be accepted.
Can a blind passenger travel with a seeing eye dog?
Yes, a blind passenger may be accepted with or without a seeing eye dog.
Where must a seeing eye dog remain during the flight?
The dog must remain at the feet of the passenger.
What must be included in the weight and balance calculations for a flight?
The dog’s weight must be included.
Are deaf passengers accepted without restriction?
Yes, deaf passengers may be accepted without restriction.
What is generally required for deaf and blind passengers?
They will generally require an attendant.
List the types of individuals who will need an attendant to be boarded on a company aircraft.
- Unable to understand safety instructions
- Unable to comply with safety instructions without assistance
- Completely dependent on another in case of aircraft evacuation
- Have severe sensory deprivation affecting safety information communication
Can passengers with communicable diseases be refused transportation?
Yes, if the disease is listed by health authorities as transmissible during flight.
What should the PIC do if there is doubt about a passenger’s medical condition?
Contact the DOO/CP for additional guidance.
What is required if a passenger presents a medical certificate stating they are capable of making the flight?
The certificate’s validity may need verification.
What should be considered if a medical certificate requires special conditions during flight?
Evaluate if the passenger can be accommodated without cabin crew.
Can wheelchair passengers be accepted?
Yes, with the cautions mentioned regarding assistance.
Where can a crutch or cane be stored during the flight?
In the cabin under one or more seats, placed flat on the floor along the side of the fuselage.
Why will crutches or canes not be used during an emergency evacuation?
They increase the time required to exit the aircraft.
What is the seating requirement for handicapped passengers next to emergency exits?
They should not be seated next to the emergency exit, except in certain aircraft configurations.
What is the main concern regarding the seating of handicapped passengers?
To not impede the emergency deplaning of other passengers and to allow maximum assistance.
What is the general rule regarding oxygen on board an aircraft?
Oxygen may not be brought on board by the passenger unless provided by a professional or medical service meeting FAR 135.91(a)(1)(i).
What is required to determine compliance of oxygen equipment with FAR 135.91(a)(1)(i)?
It is impossible for the PIC to determine compliance by examining the equipment, as it refers to CFRs Parts 171, 172, and 173.
What documentation may a passenger present regarding oxygen equipment?
Documentation from the oxygen supplier stating that the equipment meets all regulatory requirements for use in an aircraft.
What is a possible option for the PIC regarding oxygen equipment compliance?
Query the supplier to establish compliance with the FARs, though this may not be viable due to time constraints.
Where should oxygen not be placed on an aircraft?
Oxygen should not be placed in the cargo compartment as it is considered HAZMAT.
Under what conditions can a person with oxygen equipment be carried in an emergency?
If accompanied by an attendant trained in the use of oxygen.
What must happen if it cannot be established that oxygen equipment met FAR 135.91(a)(1)(i) requirements?
A report must be sent to the SAN FSDO within 10 days, describing the operation and reason for the deviation.
What precaution must be followed regarding the PIC when oxygen is in use?
The PIC must be advised whenever oxygen is in use.
How must oxygen equipment be stowed in the aircraft?
It must be stowed so that it does not restrict access to or use of any emergency or regular exit, or the aisle in the cabin.
What is the smoking restriction near oxygen storage and dispensing equipment?
No person may smoke within 10 feet of oxygen storage and dispensing equipment.
Who is allowed to connect or disconnect oxygen bottles on board?
Only trained personnel may connect or disconnect oxygen bottles while passengers are on board.
What must be ensured regarding flammable contaminants on oxygen equipment?
The equipment must be free of flammable contaminants (e.g., oil) on all exterior surfaces.
What is the maximum pressure allowed in an oxygen cylinder?
The pressure in any oxygen cylinder may not exceed the rated cylinder pressure.
How must oxygen equipment be secured on the aircraft?
The equipment must be properly secured.
What is a Portable Oxygen Concentrator (POC)?
A small portable device that separates oxygen from nitrogen and other gases in the air, providing oxygen at a concentration of more than 90 percent.
How do Portable Oxygen Concentrators operate?
Using rechargeable batteries or aircraft electrical power.
What technology do POCs use to dispense oxygen?
Either pulse technology, which senses the user’s inhalation, or continuous flow.
Are Portable Oxygen Concentrators considered hazardous materials?
Most POCs are not considered hazardous materials by the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA).
What special conditions must be met for POCs to be used onboard aircraft?
The device must not interfere with electrical, navigation, or communication equipment, no smoking within 10 feet, proper stowage during movement, no exit row seating, and operation during cabin movement is permitted.
List some examples of Portable Oxygen Concentrators.
- AirSep Freestyle
- AirSep Lifestyle
- DeVilbiss Healthcare iGo
- Inogen One
- Inogen One G2
- Invacare XP02
- Invacare Solo 2
- Inova Labs Life Choice
- Oxlife independence Oxygen Concentrator
- Oxus Inc. RS-00400
- Respironics EverGo
- SeQual Eclipse Portable Oxygen Concentrator.
What is the significance of Special FAR No.106?
It allows the use of specific types of POCs onboard aircraft.
True or False: Passengers using a portable oxygen concentrator are allowed to sit in exit rows.
False.
Fill in the blank: Portable Oxygen Concentrators provide oxygen at a concentration of more than _______.
90 percent.
What must be done with the POC during takeoff and landing?
It must be stowed under the seat in front of the user or in another approved stowage location.
What is prohibited within 10 feet of a seat row where a POC is in use?
Smoking or open flame.
What happens when the PIC turns off the ‘Fasten Seat Belt’ sign?
Passengers operating their portable oxygen concentrator may continue to operate it while moving about the cabin.
What is prohibited under FAR 135.119?
Carriage of deadly or dangerous weapons on board an aircraft being operated by the certificate holder
Who is allowed to carry weapons on an aircraft according to FAR 135.119?
- Officials or employees of a municipality or a State, or of the United States authorized to carry arms
- Crewmembers and other persons authorized by the certificate holder, Director of Operations, or his or her designee
What must happen if weapons are to be carried on the aircraft?
The Pilot-in-command must be notified
What must passengers be notified about before boarding?
The prohibition against carriage of weapons
What is one action that must be taken regarding weapons before passengers board?
Passengers must identify the weapons to the Pilot-in-Command
Where should weapons be stored if possible during a flight?
In a storage area that is not accessible to the passengers in-flight
What should be done if an inaccessible storage area is not available?
Confirm the firearm is unloaded, remove the firing mechanism, and place it in a locked storage container in the baggage compartment
How should ammunition be stored in relation to the weapon?
Stored separately from the weapon
What should be done if weapons cannot be secured on the aircraft?
They may not be carried on the aircraft
What must be ensured about carry-on personal items and cargo?
Loaded properly in terms of weight and balance
Who must have control over the carry-on items after they are collected?
A flight crewmember
What should be done with cargo on passenger carrying flights?
It must fit easily on top of a seat and be secured with a safety belt
What is prohibited regarding the placement of cargo on passenger carrying flights?
It must not obstruct the exit
How should cargo be secured on cargo-only flights?
With tie-down straps and possibly netting
What should be done to cargo with sharp edges?
Cover it with a blanket or packing material
Who is authorized to remove or install seats in an aircraft?
Only a mechanic, unless trained and signed-off by the DOM
What must the baggage or cargo comply with regarding weight?
Must be within weight limits to not exceed load limitations
Where must cargo be located to ensure safety?
It must not obstruct access to any exit, aisle, or signs
Where should carry-on baggage be stowed?
Completely underneath a seat or in the baggage compartment
What is the consequence of stowing carry-on baggage improperly?
It could impede evacuation of the aircraft
What is conducted five minutes prior to takeoff to check for contamination?
Pre-takeoff contamination check
Referenced in Operations Specifications A041
Define ground icing conditions.
Icing conditions exist when:
* OAT/TAT is 5 degrees C (41 degrees F) or below
* Visible moisture in any form is present
* Operating on ramps, taxiways or runways with contamination
Examples of visible moisture include clouds, fog, rain, snow, sleet, and ice crystals
Who is responsible for ensuring the aircraft is clear of snow, ice, slush, or frost?
The PIC (Pilot in Command)
This is mandated by FAR 135.227(a)
What should the preflight inspection detect?
Accumulation of frozen contaminants on:
* Fuselage
* Leading edges and upper/lower surfaces of wings
* Horizontal stabilizer
* Vertical stabilizer
Specific areas needing attention include control surfaces, engine inlets, and windshields
List additional areas that need special attention during preflight inspection.
- Control surfaces and control hinge points
- Flaps
- Fan blades and spinners
- Engine inlet areas
- Windshields and cockpit windows
- Antennae
- Pitot tubes, AOA probes, and temperature probes
- Pitot/static ports
- Fuel tanks, caps, and vents
- Cooling air intakes and exhausts
- Landing gear assemblies and wheel wells
- Brakes and tire-to-ground contact
Each of these areas can impact flight safety in cold conditions
What methods can be used to remove snow or frozen contaminants?
- Applying heated water followed by undiluted glycol-based fluid
- Applying a heated water/glycol solution
- Mechanically brushing off snow or ice
- Placing the airplane in a hangar until melting occurs
These methods comply with the ‘clean aircraft’ concept prior to departure
What types of fluids are to be used for the CE-525 Series?
Type I, II, III, and IV fluids
These fluids are specifically designed for de-icing and anti-icing
Fill in the blank: The general rule is that the aircraft will not depart the ramp if conditions are such that contamination will _______.
adhere to the aircraft
What should crewmembers do to ensure passengers can clearly hear the pre-takeoff briefing?
Speak slowly and distinctly, introduce themselves, identify the aircraft, mention the destination, flight time, and weather.
What does FAR 135.117 specify regarding passenger briefings?
It specifies the items to be covered in a passenger briefing.
Where should the passenger briefing cards be located?
In the seat back pocket of each passenger seat.
How should seat belts be addressed during the briefing?
Demonstrate how to latch and unlatch, and advise that they should be fastened at all times.
What must be ensured about the visibility of seat belts?
They must be visible and accessible, not tucked away behind seat cushions.
What should be pointed out regarding exits during the briefing?
The location and means of opening the normal and emergency exits.
What should be mentioned about survival equipment?
The location of survival equipment, which may vary depending on the area of operation.
What must be briefed if the flight operates above 12,000 feet MSL?
Normal and emergency use of oxygen equipment.
What should be done if a person needing assistance does not have an attendant?
Have a plan of action to assist them, which can be delegated to the SIC.
What should passengers be advised about electronic equipment?
Some may interfere with communication and navigation systems; request devices be turned off during taxi, takeoff, and landing.
What exceptions exist for using electronic devices during flight?
- Portable voice recorders
- Hearing aids
- Heart pacemakers
- Electric shavers
- Devices determined safe by the company.
What is still against FAA and FCC rules regarding cell phones?
Using cell phones anytime the aircraft is airborne.
What should be included in the pre-landing briefing?
Seat belts fastened, seatbacks upright, food and beverages put away, and baggage stowed.
What questions should be considered regarding passenger behavior?
- Flying over sensitive areas
- Taking extensive pictures
- Unusual curiosity about fuel load.
