Section 9

Question 1

modern scholars have chosen to downplay the general importance of individuals and challenge what they see as the dated and discredited _________________ of history, pointing instead to the larger social and political forces which many see as actually driving cultural change.

Answer 1

Great Man Theory

Question 2

the oldest historical tradition if one takes into account the autobiography of ________________, written purportedly around 2300 BCE

Answer 2

Sargon of Akkad

Question 3

rose from an elite but ineffective family to become Rome’s best, then greatest, then only general

Answer 3

Julius Caesar

Question 4

the height of ancient Egyptian power

Answer 4

New Kingdom

Question 5

pharaoh born in a time when the Egyptians had only recently recovered control of their own land

Answer 5

Hatshepsut

Question 6

a foreign presence known as the _________ had dominated Egypt

Answer 6

Hyksos

Question 7

united under a great liberator __________ (r. ca. 1558-1533 BCE), the Egyptians managed to throw off the yoke of outside rule and banish these “foreign kings.

Answer 7

Ahmose

Question 8

his son Amenhotep I (Amenophis) came to the throne and ruled until 1512 BCE, when he died and was succeeded by _____________. It isn’t clear why he was chosen to rule next, since the evidence strongly suggests he was not the son of Amenhotep I by his principal wife, perhaps not even a member of the royal family

Answer 8

Tuthmosis I

Question 9

a son who had been named for his father and, when Tuthmosis I died sometime around 1500 BCE, this boy became _______________

Answer 9

Tuthmosis II

Question 10

From the union of these half-siblings was born only one child, __________-, a daughter

Answer 10

Neferure

Question 11

by a secondary wife Tuthmosis II produced a surviving son who would later rule Egypt as _____________, one of the most aggressive and dynamic pharaohs in all of Egyptian history

Answer 11

Tuthmosis III

Question 12

a man of non-royal ancestry but apparently her (Hatsepsut) loyal companion, steward and possibly lover, too

Answer 12

Senenmut

Question 13

Senenmut had charge of overseeing the execution of Hatshepsut’s decrees. He also supervised the education of Neferure as well as the construction of Hatshepsut’s funerary monument at ____________, one of the finest structures surviving from ancient Egypt

Answer 13

Deir-el-Bahri

Question 14

The Empress _____________ reigned over the Byzantine Empire (Byzantium) at the peak of its power in the sixth century CE, after the western half of the Roman Empire had “fallen” but the East still stood

Answer 14

Theodora

Question 15

the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire

Answer 15

Constantinople

Question 16

Theodora first served as the concubine of a provincial governor and then worked her way up the Byzantine social ladder, eventually returning to Constantinople, where she met the young, unmarried, emperor designate,__________

Answer 16

Justinian

Question 17

one of the few contemporary portraits still extant—illustrates well her (Theadora) beauty and royal presence

Answer 17

Ravenna Mosaic

Question 18

Europe spilled even more blood in a dismal morass of self-annihilation which later came to be called the

Answer 18

Hundred Years’ War

Question 19

in the early part of the fifteenth century, when the English crowned a young, competent king, ____________ (r. 1413-1422), and were ready at last to take up the war again.

Answer 19

Henry V

Question 20

Richard II of England (r. 1377-1399) was vengeful and sadistic, and his French counterpart ______________(r. 1380-1422) was certifiably insane

Answer 20

Charles VI, “the Mad”

Question 21

Charles VI supported the British cause more than his own people’s and, excusing this folly as pursuing peace, he fostered a rebellion within his own nation, a civil war promoted by factionalists called the

Answer 21

Burgundians

Question 22

Standing in opposition to Charles’ insidious treachery was his own son, later crowned ____________-, but at the time only the dauphin, the crown prince and next in line to the throne of France

Answer 22

Charles VII

Question 23

Standing in opposition to Charles’ insidious treachery was his own son, later crowned Charles VII, but at the time only the __________, the crown prince and next in line to the throne of France

Answer 23

Dauphin

Question 24

the French were finally forced to commit to battle against the English and subsequently suffered one of their worst defeats in history at the _________________(northern France) in 1415

Answer 24

Battle of Aginçourt

Question 25

king Henry V, also died quite unexpectedly in the prime of life. He left behind no competent adult who could assume the throne, only a baby boy also named Henry, later __________

Answer 25

Henry VI

Question 26

the site where French kings were traditionally crowned

Answer 26

Reims

Question 27

This blast of good luck, the rescuer Charles and France required, came truly out of thin air in the form of a myth and a miss, the renowned and redoubtable

Answer 27

Joan of Arc

Question 28

Others, however, proclaimed her the “_________” a sort of messiah promised to the French in Christian lore, a savior whom legend said God would send one day to deliver them from the English

Answer 28

Maid of Lorraine

Question 29

she led a small regiment that broke the British siege of ___________, a city in central France on the border between British and French territory in that day

Answer 29

Orléans

Question 30

of all the strong women characters in Greek literature, the fictional queen _________stands pre-eminent

Answer 30

Clytemnestra

Question 31

she was quietly, and doubtlessly without her consent, married off to ____________, the brother of her sister Helen’s husband Menelaus

Answer 31

Agamemnon

Question 32

the gods demanded that Agamemnon sacrifice one of his children, his eldest daughter ___________

Answer 32

Iphigenia

Question 33

Clytemnestra was nevertheless helpless because her husband immediately left for Troy and was gone for ten years as it turned out. There was nothing she could do but wait at home in _____________, hoping he’d be killed in the war

Answer 33

Argos (Mycenae)

Question 34

the political alliance between Clytemnestra and Aegisthus evolved into a love affair and, in order to protect both herself and her son _________

Answer 34

Orestes

Answer 35

DWEM