section 7 Flashcards
Data
Medium with which the behavior analyst works
results of measurement
Graphs
Visual format for displaying data
Three purposes of graphs
CAID
Communicate
Assess
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Five benefits of graphs
- Gives you an immediate picture of an individual’s behavior
- Allows you to explore interesting variations in behavior as they are occurring
- Ask as judgmental aid to help you interpret the results of the study or treatment
- Acts as a conservative method for determining the significance of behavior change
- The house for an independent judgment and evaluation of the data
Five types of ABA graphs
LBCSS
Line graph Bar graph Cumulative graph Semilogarithmic graph Standard celeration graph Scatter plots
Equal interval graphs
Aka
Arithmetic charts
Add subtract charts
Graphs in which the distance between any two consecutive points on both the X and Y axis are always the same
Line graphs, bar graphs, cumulative record, scatter plots are all equal interval graphs
Line graphs
Aka
Frequency polygons
Most common in abs
Based on the Cartesian plane
Seven parts of a line graph
Horizontal axis Vertical axis Condition change lines Condition labels Data points Data path Figure caption
Horizontal axis
Aka
X axis
Abscissa
Vertical axis
Y axis
Ordinate
Condition change lines
Vertical lines drawn up word from the X axis
Solid lines equal major changes
Dash lines equal minor changes
Condition labels
A label written at the top in parallel to the X axis that describes the experimental conditions in effect during each phase of research
Figure caption
Concise statement that provides information to identify the IV and DV
Bar graphs
Aka
Histograms
Displaying separate sets of data that are not related to each other
Cumulative records
Developed by Skinner to record data in EAB research in 1957 uses a cumulative recorder
Data path will reset to zero on the Y axis and begin to rise again
Used for rate/ frequency data
Two types of cumulative record response rates
Overall response rate
Local response rate
Overall response rate
An average rate of response over a given time period such as during a specific session or phase in a study.
Number of responses/time
Local response rate
An average rate of response during periods of time smaller than that for which an overall response rate has been given
Semilogarithmic charts
Aka
Ratio chart
Multiply-divide chart
Graphs in which one axis is scaled proportionally
X axis is in equal intervals
Y axis scaled logarithmically
Standard celeration chart
A type of semilogarithmic chart
Ogden Lindsey created it for precision teaching
Scales go up by multiples - like 2,4 , 6,8. Or 10, 100,1000
Students self monitor their progress
Scatter plots
Show relative distribution of individual measures in a data set
Data points are unconnected
3 fundamental properties of behavior change
Level
Trend
Variability
Level
Level is always flat-
Value on the vertical axis around which a series of data measures converge
Levels in data are examined by looking at data’s mean, median, and/or range
Trend
Overall direction taken by the data path
6 steps to a split middle line of progress
CDMMQS
Count Divide Mid-rate Mid-date Quarter Split
Variability
Extent to which the data bounce around on the graph
