section 1 Flashcards
ABA
scientific approach for discovering the environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing a technology of behavior change that is practical and applicable
SCIENCE: DEFINITION & PURPOSE
a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world. it is based on determinism
3 LEVELS OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING
DPC
Description
prediction
control
6 ATTITUDES OF SCIENCE/PHILOSOPHICAL ASSUMPTIONS OF BEHAVIOR
DEER PP Determinism Empiricism experimentation replication parsimony philosophical doubt
DETERMINISM
cause and effect
lawfulness
the world is orderly place
if then statements
EMPIRICISM
facts
databased
requires observation and experience
detailed descriptions of events
EXPERIMENTATION
manipulating variable
REPLICATION
can you do it again
determines reliability
its how they see if they have mistakes and then can correct them
PARSIMONY
simplest theory first
PHILOSOPHICAL DOUBT
skepticism and critical eye on results of studies
7 DIMENSIONS OF ABA
BATCAGE behavioral applied technological conceptually systematic analytical generality effective
BEHAVIORAL
observable events
bx in need of improvement
APPLIED
every day life
socially significant behaviors
TECHNOLOGICAL
recipe- replicable
CONCEPTUALLY SYSTEMATIC
procedures used are tied to the basic principles of behavior analysis (reinforcement, punishments, extinction)
ANALYTIC
Functional relation experimentation control causation functional relationship is demonstrated
GENERALITY
generalization
behavior extends to other settings, other behaviors
EFFECTIVE
improves the behavior in a practical manner
improves quality of life for the client
MENTALISM:
its explaining that ASSUMES what they are feeling, thinking
examples are Freud, talk therapy,
BEHAVIORISM
philosophy of the science of behavior
environmental explanation of behavior
4 BRANCHES OF BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS
CASE Conceptual analysis of behavior (behaviorism) ABA Behavior service delivery experimental analysis of behavior
IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
respondent conditioning with dogs
JOHN BROADUS WATSON
methodological behaviorism
AKA stimulus response behaviorism
S-R psychology
1920 little albert with clanking noise and rat
BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER
Radical behaviorism
private events included
DARWINIAN SELECTIONISM & PRAGMATISM
selection by consequence
natural selection
RESPONDENT BEHAVIOR
elicited/brought out by stimuli that immediately preceded them
example- gag reflex when choke
REFLEX
something you are born with- like knee popping when knee is hit with mallet
its unlearned
born in you
HABITUATION
where you have something repeatedly done that makes you less responsive to it… like loud noises that startle you
PHYLOGENY/phylogenic
genetic behavior
OPERANT BEHAVIOR
S-R-S emit/evoke history of consequences voluntary action learned behavior
ADAPTATION
reduction in responding after repeatedly being exposed- like hearing same joke over and over… or ripped my pants
ONTOGENY/ontogenic
learning from our environment
operant behavior is ontogenic
CONTIGUITY
when two stimuli occur close together in time resulting in an association
like superstitious behavior
RESPONDENT-OPERANT INTERACTIONS
an experience can often include both respondent and operant conditioning occurring at the same time
example- microwaving food example
WHAT IS NOT BEHAVIOR
the dead mans test being hungry being anxious getting wet receiving money being blown over if a dead man can do it its not behavior think weekend at bernies
3 PRINCIPLES OF BEHAVIOR
PER
punishment
extinction
reinforcement
DESCRIPTION
OBSERVATION- NOT CASUAL EXPLANATIONS
PREDICTION
correlation, covariation
two events may happen at same time but doesn’t mean they cause each other
CONTROL
causation- manipulation of one event results in another event
HYPOTHETICAL CONSTRUCTS,
AKA imaginary constructs
presumed unobserved entities
free will
information on processing etc..
EXPLANATORY FICTIONS,
“knows”
wants
figures out
fictitious variables
CIRCULAR
REASONING
he cried because he felt sad
cause and effect that are both inferred from the same information
Conceptual analysis of behavior
behaviorism
examines philosophical, theoretical, historical, and methodological issues
Behavior service delivery
people who implement the plan BCBA's RBTS BCaBAs BCBAD
EAB
clinical research process, in a lab
RESPONDENT CONDITIONING
example- pavlov with the bell and meat powder to make dog salivate
classical conditioning
OPERANT CONTINGENCY
occasion for a response, the response, and the outcome of the response
when a reinforcer or punisher is said to be contingent on a behavior, the behavior must be emitted for the consequence to occur
7 dimensions of ABA AKA
Behavior modification
who defined the 7 dimensions of ABA
Baer, Wolf and risley in 1968
hint: grizzly bear wolf
Generality AKA
generalization
Mentalism AKAs
AKA spiritaul psychic subjective feelings attitudes processing
hypothetical Constructs
AKA imaginary constructs
presumed, and unobservable, entities
example- free will, mechanisms for memory
explanatory fictions
knows
wants
figures out
respondent behavior AKAS
reflex
reflexive relations
unconditioned stimulus- unconditioned response
respondent conditioning
classical conditioning- ring a bell?
OPERANT BEHAVIOR AKA
S-R-S stimulus response stimulus
3 term contingency
operant contingency AKA
behavioral contingency , 3 term contingency ABC
You can stay up later if you do your chores
CONTIGUITY AKA
temporal contiguity
