Section 6 (Form and Analysis) - Traditional and Contemporary Song Forms Flashcards
what is song form divided into?
parts
composition containing two major structural part is?
two part song form
the structural division of a song can be label?
I, II, III, and so on
A, B, C, and so on
what are auxiliary members?
they attach parts together or musically compliment them
what is an introduction?
found at the beginning of a composition and immediately precedes a principal part (Part I or A)
what is a transition?
connecting passage that musically connects one part to another
what are the two purposes of transitions?
- connect to a modulation
2. serve as a juncture between two parts
what is a retransition?
a connecting passage that leads to the return of the a previous part
what is a codetta?
little coda follows a part.
also appears at the end.
the main purpose is to reaffirm the cadence
what is a harmonic codetta?
employs harmonies used at the end of the phrase that it follows. identified as a two measure element.
what is a melodic codetta?
at least 4 bars in length
the melody within a melodic codetta may use elements from the preceding phrase or introduce new material.
what is an interlude?
a passage of some independence appearing between two parts or repetition of two parts
where can interlude material come from?
can come from an introduction
can you combine functions of a retransition and interlude?
yes
almost any part is a section. what ends a section?
terminated by a definite cadence
what is an episode?
a passage that is not a part of the main theme or groups that is digressive in nature
example : in a rondo episodes highlight secondary themes
what is a dissolution?
an extension of a passage in which motive or thematic material from the immediate preceding passage are used in repetition, sequence, and modulation.
what does a dissolution usually lead to
transition retransition or a new part
what is a coda
tail
end of composition
last thematic section
what is a postlude
a composition that concludes a larger work
what are the parts of popular song forms?
verse, chorus, pre chorus, bridge, and outro
what is a verse?
a group of melodic lines which create phrases and periods
what is a chorus?
different than verse that conveys message, meaning, or theme.
follows verse and has a thickened texture
what is a pre chorus?
transitional section between verse and chorus
is a pre chorus and auxiliary member
yes
what is a bridge?
AKA transition
contrasting part different from the verse and chorus
often placed after second chorus
is the bridge an auxiliary member?
yes
what is an outro?
often called a tag
similar to coda and codetta
is an outro an auxiliary member
yes
what are the three auxiliary members in contemporary song form?
pre chorus, bridge, and outro
what is a two part song form
binary song form
identified as A and B or I and II
what is a simple two part song form?
the smallest part of two songs
what is part 1 in a simple two part song form and what are the cadences?
may be a phrase to a double period
cadence at the end:
1. authentic in the tonic of the dominant
2. authentic in the tonic of a related key
3. a half cadence on the dominant
4. authentic to the tonic
characteristics of part 2 in two part song form
likely longer than the a section
same key or related key to a section.
final cadence authentic cadence in original key
examples of simple two part song form
pop goes the weasel
and marines hymn
can parts of simple two part song form be repeated?
any and all parts can be repeated
what is the same between the simple and expanded two part song form?
the B section is normally longer than A section
one or both sections may be repeated
whats different between simple and expanded two part song form?
expanded two part song form can have an auxiliary member.
a section is ever less than a period
what is the form of the three part song form and whats it known as?
ABA and ternary song form
what is an example of an ABA song form
the star spangled banner
what is the incipient three part song form
16 measures and is the smallest version of the three part song form
part one of the incipient three part song form
will be two phrases forming a contrasting or parallel period
part two of incipient three part song form
will consist of 1 four bar phrase
part three of incipient three part song form
exact or modified version of one of the phrases within part 1
when part 1 is a parallel period part 3 may use its
consequent or antecedent phrases within part 1
when part 1 is a contrasting period part 3 may use?
only the antecedent phrase of part one
cadences of the incipient three part song form parts
I and III - generally an authentic cadence
II - authentic cadence or half cadence
what are the three ways the incipient three part song is repeated?
A - repeat B and A
repeat A - repeat B and A
repeat A - B and A
what is the example of incipient three part song form?
oh susanna by stephen foster
the regular three part song form can include what?
auxiliary members
First rando form
ABA
First rando form
ABA
Second rondo form
ABACA
Third rondo form
ABACABA
What do letters represent in rondo form
Subordinate themes.
A theme may be a two or three part song form.
What does A Represent in rondo form
Prinicpal theme
What does B represent in rondo form
Subordinate theme
What does C represent in rondo form
The 2nd subordinate theme
In sonata rondo what is the ABA section after C referred to as
Recapitulation
What is the sonata allergro form made up of
3 parts
exposition development and recapitulation
Sonata allegro form examples
The Cowboys overture by john Williams
Finale no 4 by peter tchaikovsky
What is the exposition of a sonata allegro form made up of
Principal and subordinate themes
Plus aux members
What is the development of a sonata allegro form
A modification of the original 2 themes.
By using key change, harminy, accompaniment, range, articulation, or orchestration.
What is the recapituation in sonata allegro form
A return to principal and subordinate themes found in exposition.
Including returning to original key
Conclude with a coda
What are the 4 classical era structural treatments to the sonata allegro form
- Omission of recapitulation
- Omission of principal theme in recapitulation
- The recapitulation is an a different key from exposition
- Reverse order of themes in recapitulation
When the V chord is used at the end of the blues form its called
The turnaround
Example of blues
Livin in the city by stevie wonder
What is the most common blues
12 bar blues
What are the 12 bar blues chords.
1 1 1 1
4 4 1 1
5 4 1 5
What characteristics identify the blues
Call and answer sequences, blues scales, and the chord progression
What are the other two basic blues forms
8 bar and 16 bar
What are the 2 8 bar blues progressions
1 5 4 4
1 5 1 1
1 1 4 4
1 5 1 1
What is the 16 bar blues progression
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
4 4 1 1
5 4 1 1
What is the more complex blues form called
Jazz blues
What is jazz blues
Blues that uses secondary dominance/tonicization and an auxiliary diminished chord to add to the progression
Whats added to jazz blues
4 in bar 2
Secondary dominants tonicizing 4 in bar 3
Common tone diminished chord on bar 6
Bar 8 tonicizes 2
Third phrase is 2 5 1 tonicize 2 2 5 Last two bars condensed turnaround