Section 1 (Theory/Harm) - Neapolitan 6th and Aug 6th chords Flashcards

1
Q

where does the name Neapolitan come from

A

a group of 18th century composers in Naples Italy

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2
Q

what does the 6 refer to

A

first inversion

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3
Q

what is neapolitan chord

A

major chord based on the lowered supertonic scale degree

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4
Q

what tonality is the neapolitan chord found in

A

mostly minor but it can be major

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5
Q

what are the two chord symbols for neapolitan 6th chords

A

bII or more commonly N or N6

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6
Q

the N6 chord functions as ____

A

II, IV, or V/V

subdominant

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7
Q

what does the N6 resolve to

A

the dominant

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8
Q

what chord approached the N6

A

any chord that would normally approach the II

such as I, IV, VI, or iio

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9
Q

what is the key function of the Neapolitan 6th chord

A

create smooth voice leading

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10
Q

how does the lowered supertonic scale degree voice lead when moving

A

it pulls downward resolving to the dominant
Example:
F A Db F
G G B D

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11
Q

in four part writing its common practice to double what voice while using contrary and oblique motion in what other voice

A

double the bass

contrary and oblique motion in the upper voices

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12
Q

how do you avoid parallel octaves when doubling the bass on a N6

A

resolving to a V7

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13
Q

what chord can be used to delay the resolution slightly

A

a cadential 6/4

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14
Q

what is a cadential 6/4

A

6/4 based on tonic

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15
Q

why use the cadential 6/4

A

it helps to function more as a precursor to the dominant movement

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16
Q

can the Neapolitan function as a secondary dominant

A

yes

Example: V/N6 to N6 to V7

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17
Q

can the Neapolitan chord be in root position

A

yes

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18
Q

what follows a root position Neapolitan chord

A

a root position I chord

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19
Q

how do you avoid parallel fifths moving from root position N to Root position 1

A

the fifth of N will ascend to tonic

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20
Q

how do augmented 6th chords function

A

subdominant

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21
Q

where do augmented 6th chords get their name from

A

augmented 6th interval above the bass

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22
Q

what are the specific scale degrees that create the augmented 6 interval

A

b6 and #4

23
Q

when resolving the aug 6th to the V what happens

A

they move outward in contrary motion stepwise motion

24
Q

what is the aug 6 chord symbol

A

+6

25
Q

what is the aug 6 chord often used as

A

a pivot chord to establish a modulation

26
Q

what are the four variations of aug 6 chords

A

italian, german, french, and swiss

27
Q

how are these aug 6 chords different

A

they all have different notes that fill them out

28
Q

what is the chord symbol for an Italian 6th chord

A

It+6

29
Q

what is added to the italian 6 from the standard aug 6

A

tonic

Example: b6 1 #4

30
Q

what is doubled in 4 part writing of the italian aug 6

A

the tonic

31
Q

what is the inversion for the italian aug 6

A

first inversion

the chord is built on the #4

32
Q

what is the italian aug 6 analyzed as

A

IV 633

33
Q

how is the french aug 6 chord different from It+6

A

add supertonic

34
Q

what scale degree is the the french aug 6 built off of

A

the supertonic

35
Q

why is the french aug 6 the most dissonant aug 6

A

it contains two tri tones

36
Q

what can be placed between a french aug6 to V to delay dominant resolution

A

tonic 6/4

37
Q

what inversion is the french aug 6 in

A

second inversion

38
Q

alternative to the Fr+6 chord symbol

A

II 6/
4
3

39
Q

what is added to the german aug 6

A

lowered mediant

40
Q

the german aug 6s chromatically altered quality sounds like

A

a dominant 7th chord

41
Q

what does the german aug 6th chord do

A

pulls to a cadential 6/4

42
Q

what is the quality of the german aug 6

A

raised subdominant #4

43
Q

what inversion is the german aug 6 chord in

A

first

44
Q

whats the alternative chord symbol to Ger+6

A

IV 6/
b5
3

45
Q

what chord can be used to avoid the parallel fifths from the german aug 6 to Dominant

A

cadential 6/4

46
Q

what is the swiss aug 6 chord enharmonic to

A

the german aug6

47
Q

whats different from the between the german aug6 and swiss aug6

A

sharp2 rasied - supertonic

instead of b3

48
Q

what is the swiss aug 6 chord symbol

A

SW+6

49
Q

what is a swiss aug6 chord analyzed as

A

II6/
4/
3

50
Q

summary for Aug6

A

b6 #4

51
Q

summary for italian aug6 chords

A

b6 1 #4
first inversion built on the raised subdominant

figured bass IV 6/
3
3

52
Q

summary for french aug6 chords

A

b6 1 2 #3
second inversion built on the supertonic

figured bass II 6/
4
3

53
Q

summary for german aug6 chords

A

b6 1 b3 #4
first inversion built on the raised subdominant

figured bass IV 6/
b5
3

54
Q

summary for swiss aug6 chords

A

b6 1 #2 #4
second inversion built on the raised supertonic

figured bass II 6/
4/
3