Section 1 (Theory/Harm) - Neapolitan 6th and Aug 6th chords Flashcards
where does the name Neapolitan come from
a group of 18th century composers in Naples Italy
what does the 6 refer to
first inversion
what is neapolitan chord
major chord based on the lowered supertonic scale degree
what tonality is the neapolitan chord found in
mostly minor but it can be major
what are the two chord symbols for neapolitan 6th chords
bII or more commonly N or N6
the N6 chord functions as ____
II, IV, or V/V
subdominant
what does the N6 resolve to
the dominant
what chord approached the N6
any chord that would normally approach the II
such as I, IV, VI, or iio
what is the key function of the Neapolitan 6th chord
create smooth voice leading
how does the lowered supertonic scale degree voice lead when moving
it pulls downward resolving to the dominant
Example:
F A Db F
G G B D
in four part writing its common practice to double what voice while using contrary and oblique motion in what other voice
double the bass
contrary and oblique motion in the upper voices
how do you avoid parallel octaves when doubling the bass on a N6
resolving to a V7
what chord can be used to delay the resolution slightly
a cadential 6/4
what is a cadential 6/4
6/4 based on tonic
why use the cadential 6/4
it helps to function more as a precursor to the dominant movement
can the Neapolitan function as a secondary dominant
yes
Example: V/N6 to N6 to V7
can the Neapolitan chord be in root position
yes
what follows a root position Neapolitan chord
a root position I chord
how do you avoid parallel fifths moving from root position N to Root position 1
the fifth of N will ascend to tonic
how do augmented 6th chords function
subdominant
where do augmented 6th chords get their name from
augmented 6th interval above the bass
what are the specific scale degrees that create the augmented 6 interval
b6 and #4
when resolving the aug 6th to the V what happens
they move outward in contrary motion stepwise motion
what is the aug 6 chord symbol
+6
what is the aug 6 chord often used as
a pivot chord to establish a modulation
what are the four variations of aug 6 chords
italian, german, french, and swiss
how are these aug 6 chords different
they all have different notes that fill them out
what is the chord symbol for an Italian 6th chord
It+6
what is added to the italian 6 from the standard aug 6
tonic
Example: b6 1 #4
what is doubled in 4 part writing of the italian aug 6
the tonic
what is the inversion for the italian aug 6
first inversion
the chord is built on the #4
what is the italian aug 6 analyzed as
IV 633
how is the french aug 6 chord different from It+6
add supertonic
what scale degree is the the french aug 6 built off of
the supertonic
why is the french aug 6 the most dissonant aug 6
it contains two tri tones
what can be placed between a french aug6 to V to delay dominant resolution
tonic 6/4
what inversion is the french aug 6 in
second inversion
alternative to the Fr+6 chord symbol
II 6/
4
3
what is added to the german aug 6
lowered mediant
the german aug 6s chromatically altered quality sounds like
a dominant 7th chord
what does the german aug 6th chord do
pulls to a cadential 6/4
what is the quality of the german aug 6
raised subdominant #4
what inversion is the german aug 6 chord in
first
whats the alternative chord symbol to Ger+6
IV 6/
b5
3
what chord can be used to avoid the parallel fifths from the german aug 6 to Dominant
cadential 6/4
what is the swiss aug 6 chord enharmonic to
the german aug6
whats different from the between the german aug6 and swiss aug6
sharp2 rasied - supertonic
instead of b3
what is the swiss aug 6 chord symbol
SW+6
what is a swiss aug6 chord analyzed as
II6/
4/
3
summary for Aug6
b6 #4
summary for italian aug6 chords
b6 1 #4
first inversion built on the raised subdominant
figured bass IV 6/
3
3
summary for french aug6 chords
b6 1 2 #3
second inversion built on the supertonic
figured bass II 6/
4
3
summary for german aug6 chords
b6 1 b3 #4
first inversion built on the raised subdominant
figured bass IV 6/
b5
3
summary for swiss aug6 chords
b6 1 #2 #4
second inversion built on the raised supertonic
figured bass II 6/
4/
3
