Section 1 (Theory/Harm) - Simple and Advanced Modulations

Question 1

What is modulation

Answer 1

Moving from one key to another

Question 2

When is modulation especially effective

Answer 2

When mood change is the desired outcome

Question 3

What is simple modulation

Answer 3

Moving to a tonal center to a closely related key using a pivot chord that is diatonic to both keys.

Question 4

What are closely related keys

Answer 4

Relative major/minor

All keys separated from the original key by the addition or removal of 1 sharp or flat

Question 5

How many closely related keys will each key have

Answer 5

5

Question 6

Closely related keys to C major

Answer 6

F major 1 flat
G major 1 sharp
D minor 1 flat
E minor 1 sharp
A minor relative minor

Question 7

Keys closely related to e minor

Answer 7

A minor no sharps no flats
B minor 2 sharps
C major no sharps no flats
D major 2 sharps
G relative major

Question 8

How can you get to non related key through simple modulation

Answer 8

Slowly modulating to move to a key that is relative

Question 9

What is a pivot chord

Answer 9

A chord uses to link two tonal centers together

Question 10

What are common chords

Answer 10

Chords that are diatonic to the original key and new key in a simple modulation that can be used as pivots

Question 11

What chord is not recommended to be a pivot chord

Answer 11

Dominant or diminished 7

Question 12

When must all keys establish their tonal centers

Answer 12

Via the harmonic movement of V-I prior to the end of their first phrase

Question 13

What are the two steps for finding a modulation

Answer 13

Find the first chord that has an accidental not found in the original key
Back up one chord, if that chord is found in both keys it is likely a pivot chord and is also likely to be 1

Question 14

What is advanced modulation

Answer 14

The process of moving a tonal center to a distantly related key or to a closely related key using advanced modulation techniques

Question 15

What is diatonic to diatonic modulation

Answer 15

Pivot chord will be diatonic in both new and old keys.

Same in both simple and advanced, however in advanced they go to a distantly related key

Question 16

What is a diatonic to chromatic key change

Answer 16

The pivot chord will be diatonic in the old key and chromatic in the new key

Example: in E Major
The IV6 is the N6 in the new key of g#minor

Question 17

What is chromatic to diatonic modulation

Answer 17

The pivot chord will be chromatic in the old key and diatonic in the new key

Example: in C major
N6 becomes the VI6 in the new key of f minor

Question 18

What is chromatic to chromatic modulation

Answer 18

Thr pivot chord is chromatic in both the new and old keys

Question 19

What is an enharmonic modulation

Answer 19

A modulation that occurs when the pivot chord sounds the same in both keys and enharmonically spelled in the new key

Example: in F major
V7 in F becomes the Germanaug6 in E major

Question 20

What is an enharmonic modulation

Answer 20

A modulation that occurs when the pivot chord sounds the same in both keys and enharmonically spelled in the new key

Example: in F major
V7 in F becomes the Germanaug6 in E major

Question 21

What is a change of mode modulation

Answer 21

When the old key modulates to its parallel key

Example: C major modulates to C minor

Question 22

What is modulation by common tone

Answer 22

Aka pivot note or pivot tone
A single tone in one or multiple voices served as tje pivot point between two keys.
Tone can be repeated or sustained

Question 23

What is the figured bass analysis of a modulation by common tone

Answer 23

The figured bass will reflect their diatonic positions within the old and new key