Section 5 Flashcards by Joanna Cabacungan

Types of passenger panic?

Negative Panic
Postive Panic

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Negative Panic Passengers..

Complete lack of concern to take positive action to save their life.

Corrective Action: Repeated shouted commands, give passenger a task/duty during the planned emergency to divert - focus on a piece of equipment

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Postive Panic Passengers..

A sudden unreasoning, hysterical fear, often spreading quickly among the passengers and may prevent crew members from performing their necessary evacuation.

Corrective Action: Verbally gain control with passenger, if this fails, gain control via shock value, if required ‘slap’ only once.

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Classifications of Landings

Normal
Abnormal
Emergency

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Normal Landing

Indicates a normal, uneventful landing is expected. No emergency preparations are necessary

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Abnormal Landing

Indicates a condition exists that requires a higher level of alertness than normal. Evacuation is unlikely. FA will just be briefed.

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Emergency Landing

Indicates a serious situation exists that requires the flight attendant to follow emergency procedures under the captain’s direction. Evacuation is likely. FA refers to emergency procedures folder.

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Types of landing

Prepared / Planned
Unprepared / Unplanned

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Prepared / Planned

allows the crew to prepare the passengers, cabin, and themselves for the landing.
FA will complete as much of of the cabin preparation checklist, as time permits.

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Unprepared / Unplanned

unexpected situation with limited or no time available for preparation. usually occurs on takeoff or landing.
occurs 3 minutes of takeoff, last 8 minutes of flight

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PIC: “BRACE, BRACE, BRACE” (OR 6 CHIME SIGNALS)

EMERGENCY
HEADS DOWN
STAY DOWN

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Emergency Landing Briefing (TESTS)

Type of emergency
Estimated time of Landing + Cabin secure
Signals
Tell passengers
Special Instructions

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Post Evacuation Duties

1) Gather passengers upwind approx 300ft from the aircraft and away from emergency response vehicles
2) Perform a headcount of passengers
3) Retrieve any additional safety equipment or supplies from aircraft (first aid kit, blankets, etc)
4) Administer first aid as required
5) Assess need to seek protection from environmental elements (walk to terminal building, wait for assistance, etc)

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Rapid Deplanement - what situations cause this? where do passengers exit?

Bomb threats, Large fuel spills, smoke in the cabin

Leave the cabin in the expeditious manner through the main passenger door, without rish of injury to the passengers, crew, or damage to the aircraft.

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Aircraft Attitudes - where do you exit?

Exits lowest to the ground.

Water landings: use high side of aircraft.

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FA Protective Position during evacuation..

Remains safe from:
- being pushed out of hte aircraft’
- losing their balance or falling if the aircraft changes attitude.
- passengers clinging to them

in other words, keeping yourself safe.

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Your voice during commands must be:

Clear
Loud
Positive
Slow/Calm
Authoritative
Deliberate
Distinctive
Repetitive

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Ditching vs Inadvertent Water Contact

Ditching - planned emergency landing on water

Inadvertent water contact - unplane emergency landing water

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Surving in Water - how do you maintain control of the situation?

By priority:

1) Keep passengers together and keep bodies out of water as much as possible (aircraft debris - use as flotation devices)
2) Keep passengers together in groups of 4, arms around each other in a huddle position. Children and elderly in the centre (shorter predictable survival time)
3) Prevent excessive expenditure of energy, preventing heat loss and hypothermia to sustain life

H.E.L.P. ?

Heat Escape Lessoning Position

What should you always ask an ABP during a prepared emergency?

Are you able and willing to help me?

The purpose of ABP?

crowd control
operation of exits
assisting special attention passengers

ABP Briefing for Exit operation - W.A.B.O.E.H.

WHEN - to open the exit
ASSESS - look to ensure it is safe
BLOCK - stop the use of the exit if it is unsafe
OPEN - how to open the exit
EXIT - how to get out of the exit
HELP - assist passengers on the ground

Four factors of the Fire Tetrahedron?

Oxygen, Fuel, Heat, Chain Reaction

To extinguish a fire...?

one of the four elements must be disrupted

4 Classification of Fires?

A - Common Materials such as paper, wood, or most other combustibles B - Flammable liquids such as gasoline, paint remover, or grease C - Electrical fires D - Combustible metals usually found in industry

FLASHOVER vs FLASH FIRE

Flashover - all combustibles in a confined space have been heated to the point at which they release vapours that will support combustion, causing all combustible to ignite simutaneously Flash Fire - Sudden intense fire cause by ignition of a mixture of air and dispersed flammable substance such as a solid, flammable combustible liquid or flammable gas

If you suspect fire, what do you inform the Pilot-in-Command?

Source Severity Sight Smoke Location

Primary duty of the crew member who FINDS the fire?

FIGHTS the fire

Safe Practices when dealing with passengers?

1) Instruct passengers to bend over and breathe through wet cloth or clothing 2) Remember, smoke rise, stay low 3) Do not use alcoholic beverages to douse a fire 4) Stay with the fire area after the flames have been doused - watch for re-ignition

Fuel spill

Notify flight deck immediately Commence rapid deplanement under captains orders. if not pilots present, still proceed with rapid deplanement

Smoke Removal

This is accomplished my Flight Crew. Normally involves decompressing the cabin

FA procedures when a pilot is incapacitated?

REMOVE - remove hands from control columnn, if necessary RESTRAIN - restrain the pilot from falling forward by grasping the back of the shoulder harness and pulling the pilot off the controls RECLINE - pull seat back and recline seat, if possible loosen tie and collar, open airway and administer first aid

Types of Decompression

Rapid Decompression Slow Decompression Pressure Leaks

Rapid Decompression

caused by serious problems such as structural failure. air leaves the cabin rapidly with tremendous force and noise

Slow Decompression

cause by fault in the pressurization system air leaves the cabin gradually

Pressure Leaks

minor problems causae by leaking seal aorund a door or window

What are blow out panels?

in the event of a rapid decompresion, these small doors will blow open, equalizing the pressure throughout the aircraft. (located at the bottom of flight deck door, cabin bulkhead door, aft cargo bulkhead door.)

Hypoxia

physiological condition that occurs when an insufficient amount of circulating oxygen is supplying the body's needs for correct physical and mental performance

Time of Useful Consciousness (TUC)

the time available for an indiviual to preserve their life by coordinated actions

Effective Performance Time (EPT)

the amount of time an individual is able to function effectively in an environmental of inadequate oxygen supply

Breathable altitude?

10,000 ft - 14,000 ft

Physiological Signs and Symptoms of Hypoxia

lack of muscle control (clumsiness) euphoria visual and auditory disorders intellectual disorders headache and dizziness cyanosis of face and hands increased respiratory and cardiac rhythm unconsciousness death

Treatment of Hypoxia?

Give oxygen.

Runaway/overspeeding propeller?

a situation where the propeller is out of control and may result in the destruction of the propeller and/or failure of the engine

Post-Accident Survival Priorites

1) FIRST AID - treat wounds with what you have available 2) FIRE - create fire (tetrahedron). be patient 3) SHELTER - protect from sun, insects, wind, rain, snow, and hot or cold temperatures 4) SIGNAL - using attention-getters to get the rescuer's attention 5) SUSTENANCE - water. minimum 2L each day to maintain efficiency.