Section 4 Flashcards
How old was Edward VI when he was crowned?
9
When was Edward VI crowned?
31st January 1547
Who was delcared Protector in 1547?
The Duke of Somerset
When was the Battle of Pinkie and who led it?
September 1547; Duke of Somerset
When does Northumberland launch a coup against Somerset?
October 1549
What does Northumberland become in 1550?
Lord President of the Privy Council
When was the treaty of Boulogne and which Duke made it?
1550; Northumberland
When was Somerset executed
1552
How did Somerset try to solve the financial crisis?
Debasing the coin and increasing taxation (on sheep)
Describe the Vagrancy Act (1547)
Any able-bodied person who was out of work for more than three days was branded with a V and sold into slavery and their children would be removed and placed into apprenticeships
When was the Vagrancy Act?
1547
What proclamation did Somerset introduce that inadvertently exacerbate the economic problems in the countryside?
Enclosure
In what year did Somerset kidnap the king and where did he take him?
1549; Windsor Castle
Who was set the task of solving the economic problems under Northumberland?
William Cecil and Thomas Gresham
What was enclosure?
Fencing off land for private use and preventing it being used by anyone to graze their sheep
What did Henry do to ensure that Edward would not suffer the same fate as the princes in the tower in the last century?
Coronation to take place soon after his ascension and a balanced Privy Council
Who did Somerset target for marriage for Edward to ensure the succession?
Mary, Queen of Scots
How many marks did England secure for the return of Boulogne to France as part of the 1550 Treaty of Boulogne?
400,000
What unpopular laws and practices were repealed by Northumberland in response to the 1549 rebellions?
Vagrancy Act; sheep tax and the enclosure commissions
When was the First Book of Common Prayer, and what act required all members of the clergy to accept it?
1549; Act of Uniformity
What did the First Book of Common Prayer include and exclude?
Mass in English and communion in two kinds; no transubstantiation
When was the Second Book of Common Prayer?
January 1552
What did the Second Book of Common Prayer include?
Iconoclasm, a fully reformed doctrine and liturgy, predestination and removed Catholic beliefs
When were the 42 articles and why were they not confirmed by Parliament?
1552; Edward died in 1553
Who wrote the 42 articles and what did they include?
Cranmer; Justification by faith and predestination
When was the dissolution of the chantries?
November 1547
When were the six articles repealed?
During the Parliament of 1547
What is iconoclasm?
The destruction of images
What were the three periods of religion during Edward VI’s reign?
Destruction of Catholic beliefs (Somerset)
limbo (Somerset)
Introduction of Protestant beliefs (Northumberland)
Who were the two Protestant theologians that inspired Cranmer during Edward’s reign?
John Calvin and Zwingli
When was the Reformatio rejected by Parliament and why?
1552; it suggested that the reformed Church under Cranmer was threatening the power of the state
Who is responsible for directing the transformation of England to a truly Protestant nation between 1547-1553?
Thomas Cranmer as Archbishop of Canterbury
What crimes were no longer punishable with the repeal of the Treason Act in 1547?
Heresy
What were stone altars, signifying the sacrifice of the Eucharist to be replaced with from 1550?
A wooden table
As well as a Second Act of Uniformity what else was there to ensure conformity to the new Protestant faith of the church?
A new Treason Act
What was the status of the English Bible in during Edward’s reign?
All churches ordered to have copies and accessible to all
What was introduced by Cranmer in 1552 setting out the theology of the church?
The 42 articles
What events started the Western rebellion?
William Body enacting iconoclasm, the dissolution of the Chantries and the first book of common prayer
When did the Western rebellion begin?
1549
Who dealt with the Western rebels and when?
Lord Russell; 28th July 1549
How many men did Lord Russell have and how many rebels were executed after the Western rebellion?
8000; 4000
What started Kett’s rebellion?
A play about Thomas Beckett
When was Kett’s rebellion?
1549
Whose property was attacked by Kett on the 6th-8th July 1549?
John Flowerdew
Who defeated the Kett rebels and when?
The Earl of Warwick; 27th August 1549
How many men did the Earl of Warwick lead against Kett’s rebels?
12000
Which rebellion marched under the five wounds of Christ?
The Western rebellion
Which rebellion was more economic and political?
Kett’s rebellion
How many of Kett’s rebels were arrested?
3000
When was William Body killed by and who led the mob?
1547; a priest
What did Kett’s rebels do after destroying John Flowerdew’s property?
Destroyed the hedges used for enclosure
Why was 1549 known as the year of the many-headed monster?
There were many rebellions which destroyed the hedges meant for enclosure as this restriction on traditional sources of food coincided with inflation making these comodities expensive to buy
What was the Western rebellion also referred to as?
The Prayer Book rebellion
When were traces of religious discontent first noted in Cornwall and who was charged by the government to restore order to the region?
1547; Lord Russell
What was the name of the priest and rebel that was executed in Exeter?
Robert Webb
What were the rebellions of Norfolk and Suffolk mostly concerned with?
Enclosure
What was the attitude of Somerset to the rebels?
Sympathetic
Who did Edward choose to succeed him and why?
Lady Jane Grey; she was Protestant
What was Lady Jane Grey’s claim to the throne?
Edward’s second cousin
Why did Northumberland suggest Jane Grey as Edward’s heir?
His son was married to her
How old was Jane Grey when she was proclaimed queen?
15
What Act of Succession from 1544 did Henry ensure the line to go to Mary in the event of the death of a childless Edward?
Third Act of Succession
Edward was fearful of the reversal of his Protestant changes to the throne if Mary came to the throne. Did the Privy Council support or not support this view?
Support
What was the ‘Devyse?’
A statement of the changes to the succession by Edward, excluding Mary
How long was Lady Jane Grey the Queen of England?
9 days
How large was the force mustered by Northumberland in support of Queen Jane?
3000
What was the reason for East Anglia’s support for Mary?
Religious and anger at Northumberland treatment of the 1549 Kett rebels
Before his execution, what did Northumberland request?
That he confesses his sins to a Catholic priest
After initially sparing Lady Jane Grey and Guilford from execution, what persuaded Mary to change her mind?
The Wyatt rebellion
