Section 2 - Airspace & Procedures

Question 1

How is UK airspace divided laterally & vertically?

Answer 1

London Scottish FIRs
Surface to below FL245

UIRs above
FL245 to unlimited

Question 2

What is controlled airspace?

Answer 2

Airspace of defined dimensions within which services are applied IAW the airspace classification

Question 3

What is an airway?

Answer 3

Control area established in the form of a corridor

Question 4

What are the methods of crossing an airway available to military aircraft?

Answer 4

Under control of an approved ATCRU
Under positive Air Traffic Clearance
In an Emergency @ 500ft intermediate level

Question 5

What is the difference between a Control Area & a Control zone?

What is a TMA?

Answer 5

Zone - surface to specified limit

Area - upwards from a specified limit

Controlled Area established at the confluence of ATS Routes

Question 6

What are the classifications of airspace?

Answer 6

Class A
Airways below FL195 plus:
Channel Islands TCA
Clacton Control Area
Cotswold Control Area 3
Dave try Control Area
London TCA
Manchester TCA
North Sea Control Area
Shanwick Oceanic Control Area
Worthing Control Area

Class B: Not in the UK

Class C: FIRs above FL195 incl all Control areas
UIR’s between FL195 & FL660.
Airspace below FL195 listed in the AIP, incl Cotswold Control Area 1&2 below FL195
Severn Control Area 1&2 below FL165

Class D: CTA’s and/or CTRs surrounding notifies aerodromes

Class E: Belfast TMA
Parts of Scottish TMA below 6000ft
Certain parts of airways in the Scottish FIR

Class F: Not in the UK

Class G: all UK airspace (incl above FL660) not included in A-F

Question 7

What are the CDR categories?

Answer 7

Cat One: permanently plannableduring published times, additionally by NOTAM.

Cat Two: plannable iaw airspace utilisation plan

Cat Three: not plannable but may be used tactically by ATC.

Question 8

When are controllers instructions mandatory to Pilots?

Answer 8

Flights within CAS under IFR and VFR in Class C and D.
Military Air Systems within a MATZ or CCZ
When taxiing unless orders say otherwise

Question 9

What are the ATC classifications of aerodromes?

Answer 9

MEDA:
Continuous basis, ground facilities, engineering and safety services for all UK military air systems;
Minimum 7000ft of runway
Nav/approach aids/VHF,UHF radios
Fire & crash rescue
Medical cover

Extended hours:
In addition to front line command requirements, meet prebooked diversion commitments. Ground facilities, engineering and safety services;
Runway, manoeuvring area and tech services for prebooked diversion
VHF/UHF comms and Radio/radar aids to meet the operational role.
Nav/Approach aids
Fire and crash rescue
Medical cover
Engineering support

Standard Aerodromes
Operated to front line requirements, orders are to cover:
Op hours
Runway and manoeuvring area details
Fire and crash rescue iaw MOD regs
Medical cover iaw mod regs
Engineering support

Miscellaneous aerodromes
Lesser scale of VHF/UHF and approach aids

Question 10

What is the vertical extent of an aerodrome traffic zone and its dimensions?

Answer 10

Except for any part that is controlled as part of a CMATZ, surface to 2000’
if runway is greater than 1850m: 2.5 radius
less than 1850m; 2nm unless ATZ extends less than 1.5nm beyond the end of any runway in which case: 2.5nm

Question 11

For what purpose is a MATZ established?

Answer 11

volume of airspace for the added protection to aircraft in critical stages of circuit, approach and climb-out

Question 12

What are the operating hours of a MATZ or CMATZ?

Answer 12

Matz is operative when the airfield (or for a CMATZ either airfield) is open. The controlling airfield for a CMATZ would normally stay open, but this can be delegated.
ATZ hours may differ from the MATZ hours.

Question 13

What status does a MATZ have to military and civilian pilots?

Answer 13

Classification of airspace within which it lies, ATC requirements for military pilots are specified.
Outside the ATZ but inside the MATZ, observation of MATZ procedures is not compulsory for civil pilot she

Question 14

What airspace are Royal Flights in Fixed-Wing aircraft to take place?

Answer 14

Whenever possible, within National ATS structure.
ATC procedures applied in permanent Class A,C and D.
All other instances, CAS-T is established for any portion of the track outside perm CAS.
Temp CTAs/CTZs will be established where not permanent for the arrival/departure of a royal flight.

Question 15

What procedures apply to Royal flights inside CAS-T?

Answer 15

CAS-T is Class D airspace access criteria and separation standards apply.
SVFR may be applied in CAS-T CTR’s and ATC will provide separation between all SVFR flights and other aircraft under IFR.

Question 16

When may an aircraft penetrate CAS-T

Answer 16

regardless of met conditions, only when clearance has been obtained from the controlling authority.

Question 17

When are temporary control zones established?
What are the dimensions?
Who can cancel them?

Answer 17

Class D established when appropriate where no permanent control zone exists 15 mins before departure/arrival until 30 mins after ETD or ETA.
5-10nm radius to designated upper level.
CO of a military airfield or the ATS authority of a civil airfield.

Question 18

Within what airspace will Royal flights in Helicopters take place?

Answer 18

RLLC
Points are notified by message
Military aircraft protected sectors 5nm either side of intended track from surface to 1000 above intended cruising altitude.

Question 19

Which A/C may fly within the RLLC and what lateral separation must be maintained?

Answer 19

Military: receiving ATS VFR or IFR from the Royal controlling unit or
receiving ATS from unit in radar contact with the Royal.
Standard separation should be applied except:
Light A/C and Helo’s VFR,
Other traffic operating VFR may reduce separation with the royal flight A/C commanders approval.

Question 20

What constitutes IFR outside CAS in the UK?

Answer 20

Above TA
semi circular rule based on 1013.2
unless under instructions from ATC, HMS or ASACS.

note: Above TA other than at FL an aircraft should be in receipt of a radar service

Question 21

What constitutes VFR within the UK?

Answer 21

Pilots maintain separation

Met conditions should meet criteria for VMC

Question 22

Describe the AIRAC System for supplying amendments

Answer 22

Sent out 28days prior to the effective date. Strict adherence to the effective date is essential.

Question 23

Which words may be omitted from RT?

Answer 23

Surface and Knots
Degrees
Visibility, cloud and height
Over, Roger and Out

Question 24

What are the rights of way on the ground?

Answer 24

Towed Aircraft
Taxiing aircraft
vehicles

Question 25

What are the rules of the air regarding:

A) Converging?

B) head on

C) overtaking

D) A/C landing

E) two or more a/c landing

F) a/c take off

Answer 25

A) give way to the right
  Powered aircraft
  Airships
  Sailplanes
  Powered aircraft give way to aircraft towing

B) both aircraft alter course to the right

C) aircraft being overtaken has right of way

D) handing pilots of aircraft in flight, on the ground or water should give way to aircraft landing or on final approach.

E) aircraft at the lower altitude possesses the right of way but should not cut in front of another aircraft on final approach

   1) when ATC has communicated an order of priority, pilots should land in that order
  2) when a pilot is aware an aircraft is making an emergency landing, he should give way to that aircraft unless specifically instructed. Further permission to land will be required

F) a/c taxiing should give way to aircraft taking off or about to take off. Pilots should take off and land in the direction indicated by ATC, ground signals or into wind. Pilots should not land on a runway that is not clear of other aircraft unless authorised to do so.